Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 1st exam > Herniated Nucleus Pulposus > Flashcards

Herniated Nucleus Pulposus Flashcards

1
Q

superior articular process

A

lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

transverse process

A

lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spinous process

A 
lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)
- for muscle attachment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inferior articular process

A 
lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)
- attached to superior process of next vertebrae (through sinovial joints)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pedicle

A

lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

body of vertebra

A

lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lamina of lumbar vertebra

A

lumbar vertebra (identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

zygapophyseal joint

A

between inferior process and superior articular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

interlaminar space (has ligamentum flavum)

A
  • only exists in lumbar region
  • has a lot of elastic fibers
  • in sacral region - vertebrae are fused together
  • in thoracic region - vertebrae overlap each other
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the access route for doing lumbar puncture

A

interlaminar space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

vertebral foramen

A

space for spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

intervertebral disk

A

(identify on diagram)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

intervertebral foramen

A

where spinal nerves come out from spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anterior boundary of intervertebral foramen

A

intervertebral disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

posterior body of intervertebral foramen

A

zygapophyseal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

numbering of spinal nerves

A
  • thoracic and lumbar regions - spinal nerve has number of vertebrae above the foramen
  • cervical region - spinal nerve has number of vertebrae below the foramen (1 extra cervical spinal nerve than cervical vertebrae)
17
Q

components of intervertebral disc

A
  • nucleus pulposus (adult remnants of notochord)
  • anulus fibrosus (fibrous connective tissue/ fibrous cartilage)
  • layer of hyaline cartilage
18
Q

adult remnants of notochord are found in

A

nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk

19
Q

nucleus pulposus

A
  • part of intervertebral disc
  • helps to spread out the force that is applied to the intervertebral disk from both sides
  • adult remnants of notochord
20
Q

anulus fibrosis

A
  • part of intervertebral disc
  • surrounds the nucleus pulposus
  • thicker in the anterior section than posterior section
  • herniation of nucleus pulposus is more likely to occur in the posterior sectoin of anulus fibrosis
21
Q

common direction of herniation

A

posto-lateral

22
Q

anterior longitudinal ligament

A

covers the anterior portion of anulus fibrosis

23
Q

posterior longitudinal ligament

A

covers the posterior portion of anulus fibrosis (much smaller and thinner than anterior longitudinal ligament)

24
Q

herniated nucleus pulposus

A
  • nucleus pulposus leaks out into the intervertebral foramen
  • compresses spinal nerves (always compresses the spinal nerve that is lower to the intervertebral disk)

compression of sensory fibers - pain, tingling, etc
compression of muscle fibers - weakness of skeletal muscles

25
Q

cauda equina

A

where spinal cord ends (L1-L2)

26
Q

what are osteophytes and what symptoms do they cause

A
  • degeneration of lumbar intervertebral discs and hypertrophic changes at vertebral margins with spur formation
  • osteophytes from osteoarthritic zygapophyseal joint
  • symptoms similar to herniated pulposus (impingment of spinal nerve)
27
Q

paresthesia

A

tingling (possible sensory symptom of nerve compression)

28
Q

hypesthesia

A

reduced sensation (possible sensory symptom of nerve compression)

29
Q

anesthesia

A

total numbness (possible sensory symptom of nerve compression)

30
Q

types of sensory deficits

A
  • pain
  • tingling (paresthesia)
  • reduced sensation (hypesthesia)
  • total numbness (anesthesia)
31
Q

types of motor deficits

A
  • muscle weakness (paresis)

- total loss of function (paralysis)

32
Q

ligamentum flavum

A

part of the lining in the intervertebral foramen

33
Q

spondylolysis

A
  • fracture of vertebral column
  • scottie dog appears to be wearing a collar
  • causes nerve compression
34
Q

spondylolisthesis

A
  • fracture of vertebral column
  • scottie dog appears decapitated
  • causes nerve compression
35
Q

foraminal stenosis

A 
narrowing of intervertebral foramen 
could be caused by:
- herniated nucleus pulposus
- arthritic changes of the zygapophyseal joints
- inflammation 
- scarring in the region of the foramen
36
Q

central stenosis

A 
narrowing of the vertebral canal 
could be caused by:
- bony abnormalities of the vertebrae
- herniated nucleus pulposus 
- thickening of vertebral ligaments 
- tumors

Anatomy 1st exam (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions