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HDT FInal > Hepatic > Flashcards

Hepatic Flashcards

Get to know yo liva!

1
Q

What is cholecystitis

A

inflammation of gall bladder

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2
Q

can acute cholecystitis become chronic?

A

Siiii

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3
Q

What are most of the gallstones made of?

A

Cholesterol

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4
Q

TYpes of gallstones

2

A
  1. cholesterol

2. pigmented

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5
Q

What are pigmented gallstones made from

2

A

Bilirubin or hemolysis

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6
Q

5 diseases that can progress to cirrhosis

A
  1. Fatty Liver
  2. Hepatitis
  3. Biliary DIsease
  4. metabolic Disease
  5. vascular
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7
Q

What things cause fatty liver

A
  1. ETOH
  2. Obesity
  3. DM
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8
Q

What causes Hepatitis

A
  1. Virus
  2. Drug
  3. Autoimmune
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9
Q

What is the liver made of

A

Hepatocytes
Duct cCells
Blood Vessels

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10
Q

What is the triad

A

Bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic Artery

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11
Q

Blood path

A

Sinusoids -> where it enriches hepatocytes
Central Vein
Heart -> its recycled

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12
Q

What does the metabolic work in liver

A

hepatocytes

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13
Q

WHat is the #1 casue of liver toxicity

A

Drugs!

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14
Q

Steatosis aka

A

Fatty Liver

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15
Q

What is the worst type of destruction of the liver?

A

Fibrosis

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16
Q

Why is fibrosis so bad

A

Collagen Scar

Permanent Injury

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17
Q

What is end stage of fibrosis in liver

A

cirrhosis

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18
Q

If hepatocytes die in large sheets, what happens to those areas

A

fill up with blood

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19
Q

what if blood in liver builds up

A

It can back-flow and cause heart failure

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20
Q

What is cholestasis

A

decrease in bile production due to less secretion or obstruction

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21
Q

If canaliculi in liver fill with bile bc of cholestasis then what

A

person gets jaundice

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22
Q

what is hepatatis

A

inflammation of the liver

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23
Q

Is hepatitis contagious

A

if caused by virus, yes

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24
Q

What can cause hepatitis beside viruses

A

toxins

drugs

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25
Q

What drugs cause hepatitis

A

ETOH

acetaminophen

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26
Q

What type of hepatitis resolves itself

A

acute

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27
Q

acute hep by what viruses doesn’t progress to chronic

A

Hep A and E

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28
Q

acute hep by what viruses progress to chronic and beyind

A

Hep B, C and D

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29
Q

what type of hep virus is rarely expressded

A

Hep D

30
Q

Hep B, C and D can progress to what 3 things

A

chronic hep
cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma

31
Q

how long is acute hep vs chronic

A

acute <6mo

32
Q

what type of inflammation in acute vs chronic hepatitis

A

acute - lobular inflammation

chronic - portal inflammation

33
Q

What type of fibrosis in acute vs chronic hep

A

acute - no fibrosis

chronic - fibrosis

34
Q

what virus causes hep a

A

picornavirus

35
Q

what virus causes hep e

A

calcivirus

36
Q

what virus causes hep b

A

hepadnavirus

37
Q

whatvirus causes hep c

A

flavivirus

38
Q

what virus casues hep d

A

deltavirus

39
Q

what are syptoms of hep c during acute stage

A

Noooneee

40
Q

how is hep c easily transmitted

A

blood

needles

41
Q

tx of hep c

A

very expensive combination of antivirals

42
Q

what immunization prevents hep c

A

no immunization available

43
Q

How is hep B trasnmitted

A

blood

44
Q

what symptoms in hep B during acute phase

A

Noooneee

45
Q

what is the most common blood-borne infection among healthcare workers

A

Hep B

46
Q

what is hep B associated with

A

a lot of hepatocellular carcinoma

47
Q

Tx of hep B

A

Immunization

Antivirals

48
Q

Cirrhosis =

A

regenerative hepatocyte nodules

49
Q

where is fibrosis in cirrhosis

A

surrounding nodules

50
Q

autoimmune hepatitis is found hwere

A

obese, middle aged women

51
Q

autoimmune hep goes onto what

A

advanced fibrosis

52
Q

what color is a fatty liver

A

purple

jk, yellow

53
Q

in steatosis fat accumulation in liver is ______

with ______ cellular damage

A

temporary

NO

54
Q

steatohepatitis def

A

damage to the liver with fibrosis present. Chronic

55
Q

metabolic disease in liver is often associated with?

A

iron overloads

56
Q

wilson’s disease is what type of defect

A

copper metabolic defect

57
Q

wilson’s disease course?

A

hepatitis, then cirrhosis

58
Q

Biliary disease def

A

destruction of bile ducts causing bile back up into liver. This causes inflammatory cells to surround ducts

59
Q

Biliary disease could end up forming what

A

Granulomaaas

60
Q

hepatocellular injury causes accumulation of what?

A

ceroid pigment

61
Q

hepatocellular damage casues accumualtion of ceroid pigment where

A

Kupffer cells

62
Q

vectors of HBV

3

A

blood
saliva
nasopharyngeal secretions

63
Q

in mouth, where is the highest concetration of HBV

A

gingival sulcus

64
Q

Manifestations of HBV

6

A
  1. Lichen Planus
  2. Periodontal Disease
  3. Candidiasis
  4. Increased Oral Bleeding
  5. Increased DM type 2
  6. Sjorgrens Syndrome
65
Q

Management of accidental exposure to HBV

A

wash - without rubbing
use antiviral disinfectant
initiate HBV vaccine

66
Q

Objectives of HCV tx

2

A
  1. Eliminate virus

2. Prevent progression to fibrosis and cancer

67
Q

Guidelines for HCV tx

3

A
  1. Over 18
  2. Pt has compensated liver disease
  3. Willingness of pt to follow tx requirements
68
Q

how many of ppl treated for HCV remain virus free for 1 yr

A

92%

69
Q

Tx for HCV is contraindicated on who

A

pts with severe liver disease due to metabolism problems

70
Q

cost of HCV

A

90K

HDT FInal (1 decks)

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