HEART SOUNDS

Question 1

REASON FOR The “lubb” or the first heart sound

Answer 1

associated with the closure of the A-V valves at the beginning of systole

Question 2

“dupp” or the second heart sound is associated with??

Answer 2

the closure of the semi-lunar valves at the end of systole

Question 3

The third sound

Answer 3

extremely weak rumble of such low frequency that it usually cannot be heard with the stethoscope, but it can be recorded frequently in the phonocardiogram.

results from the flaccid inelastic conditions of the heart during diastole.

Question 4

The fourth heart sound (arterial heart sound)

Answer 4

can be recorded in many persons in the phonocardiogram but it can almost never be heard with a stethoscope because of its low frequency-usually 20 cycles per second or less.

This sound occur when the arterial contract, and presumably it is caused by the inrush of blood into the ventricles.

Question 5

HEART SOUNDS

Answer 5

Question 6

AREA FOR AUSCULTATION:

Aortic valve area

Answer 6

located at the rt. 2nd intercostal space

Question 7

AREA FOR AUSCULTATION:

Pulmonic valve

Answer 7

located at the left 2nd intercostal

Question 8

AREA FOR AUSCULTATION:

Mitral valve

Answer 8

5th intercostal space

Question 9

AREA FOR AUSCULTATION:

Tricuspid valve

Answer 9

Sternum at the junction of the corpus sterni with xiphoid process.

Question 10

where can S1 “Lub” be heard?

high or low pitch?

duration:

Intensity

Answer 10

at the tricuspid (lower sternal border) and mitral (5th intercostal space)

Low Pitched

0.14 seconds

louder than S2 at the apex
softer than S2 at the base of the heart

Question 11

Where can S2 “Dub” be heard?

low or high pitch?

duration

Intensity?

Answer 11

Aortic valve and Pulmonary valve in right and left 2nd intercostal space respectively

high pitch

0.11

It is loudest over the aortic and pulmonic areas.

Question 12

Cause of 1st heart sound

Answer 12

“LUB” represents closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves

The main cause of the first heart sound is vibration of the taut valves immediately after closure, along with vibration of the adjacent walls of the heart and major vessels around the heart.

Question 13

Cause of 2nd heart sound

Answer 13

“DUB” is produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves at the end of systole.

It is the 2nd heart sound that happened when the semilunar valves close, they bulge backward toward the ventricles. It has a higher frequency than of the first heart sound due to the tautness of the semilunar valves and the greater elastic coefficient of the taut arterial walls.

Question 14

Heart murmurs

Answer 14

occur when abnormalities of the valves are present. It is created by turbulence in the blood flow across the valve and last longer than heart sounds.