Heart 1+2

Question 1

Layers of vessels

Answer 1

fibrocollagenous tissue, Tunica media (SM), tunica intima (fibrocollagenous tissue+internal elastic lamina), endothelium

Question 2

RA features

Answer 2

right auricle, musculi pectinati (comb like fibres on inner surface of heart), fossa ovaliss, sinus venarum

Question 3

ventricle features

Answer 3

chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, infundibulum (exists in both but less pronounced in LV)

Question 4

LA features

Answer 4

inner surface is smooth, left auricle

Question 5

What are ventricular septal defects and mitral valve prolapse

Answer 5

Ventricular septal defect-when intraventricular septum is perforated
mitral valve prolapse-when the valves don’t shut at equal levels causing blood to leak

Question 6

what is different about fetal circulation

Answer 6

Presence of foramen ovale (allows blood flow from RA to LA) and ductus arteriosus (connecting pulmonary trunk directly to aorta)

Question 7

Functions of nerves near heart

Answer 7

Phrenic-originates in the neck (C3-C5) and passes down between the lung and heart to reach the diaphragm. It is important for breathing
Vagus-(behind heart) control several muscles of the throat and of the voicebox. It plays a major role in regulating the heart rate and keeping the gastrointestinal tract in working order. The vagus nerves also carry sensory information from the internal organs back to the brain

Question 8

Label the coronary arteries

Answer 8

ref. notes