health and the people Flashcards
when was the black death? and what did people at the time think caused it?
1348-9
- a punishment from god for sin
- bad air (bad smells, miasma)
- imbalance of the 4 humors
- witchcraft
who wrote the canon of medicine and when?
avicenna, 1025
how did islam contribute to medical progress?
- arabic scholars preserved and translated the works of the ancients (hippocrates and galen)
- rhazes observed and recorded differences between measles and smallpox
- avicenna wrote the canon of medicines (1025) - a 5 volume text that remained influential until the c17th
who came up with the four humors and name them
hippocrates - ancient greek
- black bile
- yellow bile
- blood
- phlegm
why did the church support galen?
galen belived in a creator - this fitted with the churchs teaching.
as result people could not challenge his ideas - this held back progress
what dates cover the medival period or middle ages?
1000-1450
name 3 areas for illness or diseace and infection?
- explanations - beliefs or knowledge about what causes ilness
- treatments, or cures
- prevention ( so you dont catch it in the first place)
what dates cover the industrial period?
1750-1900
what are the 7 factors that may explain how medicine develops (or dosent) over time?
gaswiic
- goverment - this includes the monarch
- attitudes and belifs - including religion
- science and technology
- war
- individuals
- improved communication
- chance
name
2 treatments
2 preventions
of the black death at the time
treatments: prayer, drinking/bathing in urine, taking medicine e.g. arsenic and vinegar, popping buboes (bleeding)
prevention: isolation e.g. locking cities, flaggilation (whipping) and praying for forgiveness
what does anatomy mean?
the sructure of the body:
- bone structure
- location and function of organs such as the heart, lungs, kidney
what are anaesthetics vs antiseptics?
anaesthetic: a substance that makes you unable to feel pain
antiseptic: a substance that prevents infection in a wound by killing germs
what dates cover the renaissance or early modern period?
1450-1750
what does the modern period start?
1900 onwards
what is the doctrine of signitures - give an example
the belief that although god sent illness as a punishment for sin, in his mercy he also created healing plants e.g. eyebright for eye infection, lungwort for breathing problems.
