Health

Question 1

Explain how Cholera is transmitted

Answer 1

• going to the toilet next to a river because the bacteria will run into the river and contaminate it
• not washing hands after going to the toilet
• flys can contaminate food by landing one the food and leaving the bacteria from there feet on the food
• collecting water from contaminated rivers
• washing fruit and veg with contaminated water
• not eating food hot or cooked

Question 2

Explain the impacts of cholera on a person and country

Answer 2

Person-

Diarrhoea 
Dehydration 
Sickness
Catch other sicknesses 
Bed ridden and weak 
Unable to work less income and can fall into the viscous cycle 

Country-

Hospitals are full 
Decreases in population 
No tourist - no businesses 
Decrease in life expectancy 
Lack of facilities 
Children can become orphan

Question 3

Explain the strategies to stop the spread of Cholera

Answer 3

•Oral rehydration therapy (ORT)- 1/2 salt and six sugars in clean water

• filter water the boil for 1 minute
• wash hands with soap and clean water
• build toilets 30 meters away from water source
• add chlorine drops to water and leave for 30 mins
• put net over food to stop flys from landing and contaminating it
• peel all fruit and veg and cook and consume food hot

Question 4

Explain how HIV is transmitted

Answer 4

• sharing contaminated needles while using drugs
• unprotected sex
• blood transfusion where not screened and tested for the disease before the 1980s
• breast feeding children

Question 5

Explain the impacts of HIV on people and a country

Answer 5

Person

• prone to other disease such as cancer
• aids make a person weak, under weight and causes hair loss
• life expectancy decreases once contracted aids
• you may not be welcome to move to countries such as New Zealand and Australia
• you may be limited when having children
• death
• can lead to poverty in a developing country
• limited life opportunity

Country

• costs a lot for treatments and not enough spaces in hospital
• developing countries get the cheapest toxic version of the drugs needed
• decrease in population
• life expectancy decreases
• loss of income because if you have high cases of aids/ HIV in your county people don’t want to visit

Question 6

Explain the strategies to stop the spread of Heart Disease

Answer 6

exerscise

• make gym memberships cheaper
• encourage more sports clubs
• outside gyms
• make P.E compulsory
• walk a mile a day

Smoking

• put photos on packaging to discourage people from buying them
• tax them
• adverts to discourage people from buying them
• ban people from smoking in the car with children
• hidden behind plastic covers so they wouldn’t attract people and you would have to ask

Diet

• make healthier foods cheaper
• make takeaway more expensive
• schools banned fizzy juice
• a traffic light system has been introduced on labels to show how unhealthy the food is

medical methods
- education programmes what does a healthy plate look like
-

Question 7

Explain the strategies to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS

Answer 7

• pop up clinics to reduce stigma of people going into sexual health clinics
• testing only takes 15 mins meaning people can try to medicate quicker and stop it from getting worse
• in developing countries charities distribute condoms for free so people can have safe sex
• in developed countries they also give out free condoms in schools, colleges and doctors to encourage safe sex
• blood is being screened to ensure it is not contaminated before giving it to the patient this had been happening since 1986
• disposable syringes used in hospitals and disposable in a safe manner so there is no cross contamination
• in developing countries children are taught about HIV and aids in a song as most of them can’t read and right
• tv adverts have been used as a way to scare/ educated people of the consequences

Question 8

Explain how Heart Disease is contracted

Answer 8

Poor diet - a poor diet consisting of fatty and salty foods can cause high cholesterol which will build up in your arteries blocking them

smoking- it raises the heart rate and blood p[ressure which puts pressure on the heart. smoking also narrows the arteries which make it more difficult for the body to pump oxygenated blood around the body

lack of exercise- if you lack exercise it is more likely that you will have high blood pressure and cholesterol which leads to heart disease.

inheritance- heart disease can be passed on through the family. it is also likely if a family member chooses unhealthy life choices like smoking or poor diet you may pick up on these

stress- when people go through long periods of stress it can lead to high blood pressure and high cholesterol. High cholesterol is because when people are stressed, they tend to overeat or eat foods that are unhealthy and taste good things like chocolate, ice creams and crisps this leads to high cholesterol because they are filled with sugars and salts.

Question 9

impacts of heart disease on people and a country

Answer 9

person

• heart attack
• stroke
• people may have to stop working and therefore are living on reduced pay or benefits
• people may find daily activities difficult or challenging
• people may be left with life-changing disabilities

country
- death rates will rise
-there will be a massive strain on the NHS
- people with other diseases may struggle to get appointments and beds as large numbers are taken up by heart disease patients
-impact on the economy fewer workers means production rates will drop, which in turn leads to less trading and less money is being made
-people may struggle to provide for their family
_ there may be a large number of children who become young careers