Haemostasis and thrombosis Flashcards
what coagulation factors does warfarin target?
factors VII, IX, X, tissue factor and prothrombin
vitamin K dependant factors
what coagulation factors does heparin target?
thrombin and Xa
what coagulation factor does LMWH such as dalteparin target?
factor Xa
what clot busting drugs inhibit ADP?
prasugrel, trigagrelor, clopidogrel
what clot busting drugs target COX?
aspirin
what clot busting drugs target GP IIa/IIIb
abciximab
what are the natural anticoagulants and what is there role?
tissue factor pathway inhibitor
activated proteins C and S
anti thrombin
they localise the clot to the site and appropriate size
how does the fibrin clot form?
activated tissue factors triggers conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
thrombin then converts fibrinogen into fibrin
fibrin forms clot on top of platelet aggravation
what is the role of fibrinolysis and describe how it occurs.
breaks up the clot once the vessel endothelium has been repaired
T-PA and/or U-PA are activated which convert plasminogen into plasmin
plasmin breaks up the clot and releases fibrin degradation products i.e D-dimer
what is responsible for the rise in D-dimer?
increase in fibrin breakdown by plasmin
D-dimer fibrin degradation product
what constitutes prevent the blood from clotting?
nitric oxide prostacycline heparans tissue factor plasminogen activator thrombomodulin
what stage of clot formation is defective in von willebrands disease?
platelet aggregation and initial clot formation
what stage of clot formation is defective in haemophilia?
fibrin clot formation
