Haematuria

Question 1

Upper urinary tract causes of hameaturia

Answer 1

Kidney- UTI, stones. trauma, cancer

Ureter- cancer, stones

Renal- glomerulonephritis

Question 2

Lower urinary tract causes of haematuria

Answer 2

Bladder- UTI, stones, cancer, trauma, iatrogenic

Prostate- BPH, adenocarcinoma

Uretthra - trauam

Question 3

Bedside tests for haematuria

Answer 3

Urine dip- send for microscopy

Bloods- FBC, clotting, U&E, PSA

Question 4

Examination for haematuria

Answer 4

general exam
Signs of systemic illness or anaemia
Abdo exam
Rectal exam in men

Question 5

Diagnostic imaging for haematuria

Answer 5

Ultrasound (for kidney)
Flexible cystoscopy (for urethral and bladder pathology)
CT scan of renal tract (imaging kidneys and ureters. Has high sensitivity)