Haematological Disease Flashcards
What is the normal haemoglobin level?
115-165g/L
What does INR stand for
International normalized ratio
What ratio does INR measure?
How long a blood clot takes to form
When is the best time for patient to check INR level before dental appointment?
Within 24 hours
What risk category does RSD come under according to SDCEP?
Low risk
When would you not do dental treatment in regards to a patient taking warfarin?
If INR score is over 4
What dental treatments are classed as high risk according to SDCEP?
Complex extractions
Flap raising procedures
Gingival recontouring
Biopsies
Most common anticoagulants?
Warfarin
Apixaban
Edoxaban
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran
Moat common antiplatelet?
Aspirin
Clopidogrel
Abciximab
Ticagrelor
Tirofaban
What is anaemia?
Reduction in haemoglobin in the blood
What can cause anaemia?
Haematinic deficiency
What causes an haematinic deficiency?
Lack of -
Iron
Vitamin B12
Folic acid (folate)
Iron sources?
Meat
Veg
Iron tabelts
What diseases can cause iron deficiency?
Gastric lesions/ulcers
IBD
Bowel cancer
Haemorrhoids
Vitamin B12 sources?
Milk
Meat
What can cause a vitamin B12 deficiency?
Lack of intake
Autoimmune stomach disease
Crohns disease
Folic acid sources
Veg
What can give a clue to the cause of the anaemia?
The size of the red blood cells
What does a smooth tongue give clue to in someone with anaemia?
Iron deficient
What does a “beefy” tongue give clue to in someone with anaemia?
Vit B12 deficient
What blood tests are done for anaemia?
FOB
Endoscopy
What is leukaemia?
A group of cancers of the bone marrow which stops the production of blood
What does leukaemia result in?
Anaemia
Infection
Bleeding
Symptoms of anaemia?
Breathless
Tiredness
Chest pain
Signs of anaemia?
Pallor
Ankle swelling
Nail changes
