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Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Reverse

Neisseria Meningitidis - meningitis and septicaemia

Neisseria ghonorrhoeae - urethritis in men - pelvic inflammatory disease

A

What are the forms of Neisseria spp that are of clinical significance?

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2
Q

Reverse

Aerobic gram negative cocci

A

What type of bacteria are Neisseria spp and Moraxella catarrhalis?

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3
Q

Reverse

Can’t be stained with gram stains

Can’t be cultured under standard methods Mycobacterium Spirochaetes Chlamydia

A

What is meant by miscellaneous bacteria

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4
Q

Does salmonella ferment lactose?

A

NO

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5
Q

Reverse

Yes

A

Does E Coli ferment lactose?

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6
Q

Reverse

Klebsiella - UTI and pneumonia

Proteus spp - UTI

A

What other commensals of the gut exist? (apart from E.Coli)

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7
Q

Reverse

NO

A

Does salmonella ferment lactose?

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8
Q

What type of organisms is pseudomonas?

A

Strict aerobic bacilli water and soil organisms

Contaminates medical equipment

Hospital acquired cause of sepsis: pneumonia, UTI Respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis

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9
Q

What causes tuberculosis?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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10
Q

Reverse

Large (coliforms)

Small

A

What are the sub divisions of gram negative aerobic bacilli?

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11
Q

What is the test for syphilis?

A

Serology, nucleic amplification tests

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12
Q

What type of organism is E.Coli?

A

Coliform - large gram negative aerobic bacilli

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13
Q

Reverse

Treponem pallidum - syphilis

Borrelia burgdorferi - lymes disease

A

Give an example of a spirochaetes

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14
Q

Reverse

Bacteriodes Fragilis - normal colonic flora

Causes intra-abdominal abscess

A

What are the important anaerobes? (BACILLI)

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15
Q

Reverse

Primary - Non-painful skin legions

Secondary - Systemic illness and rash

Latent - symptomatic episodes may occur

Tertiary - central nervous system Congenital - stillbirth, neonatal death or disease

A

What are the stages of syphilis?

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16
Q

Reverse

Prevotella - cause of dental abscess (pus that forms in the teeth and gums), aspiration pneumonia, human and animal bite infections.

A

Name an oral anaerobe

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17
Q

What are the strains of chlamydia that cause respiratory infection?

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

Chlamydophila psittaci - contact with birds

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18
Q

Reverse

Urinary tract infection

Enterotoxogenic E.Coli - commonest cause of travellers diarrhoea

Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli - Bloody diarrhoea Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

A

What is the infection usually associated with Ecoli?

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19
Q

Reverse

Gut pathogen Coliform

A

What type of organism is salmonella?

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20
Q

Name a microaerophilic spiral bacilli

A

Helicobacter pylori - natural habitat is human stomach - damages mucosa and causes ulcers

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21
Q

Reverse

Mycobacterium leprae

A

What causes leprosy?

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22
Q

What causes leprosy?

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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23
Q

What is the ZN stain used for?

A

Mycobacterium species

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24
Q

What family do Coliforms belong in?

A

Enterobacteriaceae Inhabitants of the gut

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25
What strain of chlamydia is responsible for the Ophthalmic and genital tract infection?
Chlamydia trachomatis - trachoma (tropical eye infections) Can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
26
What does salmonella cause?
Enterocollitis, with or without bloody diarrhoea
27
What does typhoid cause?
Fever and constipation
28
# Reverse Serology, nucleic amplification tests
What is the test for syphilis?
29
What are the sub divisions of gram negative aerobic bacilli?
Large (coliforms) Small
30
# Reverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What causes tuberculosis?
31
What type of organism is salmonella?
Gut pathogen Coliform
32
# Reverse Coliform - large gram negative aerobic bacilli
What type of organism is E.Coli?
33
# Reverse Obligate intracellular bacteria
What type of bacteria is chlamydia?
34
What type of bacteria is chlamydia?
Obligate intracellular bacteria
35
# Reverse 1. Skin rash 2. Systemic illness - cardiac or neurological and musculoskeletal symptoms 3. Chronic disease - skin, nervous system or joint abnormalities
What are the stages of lymes disease?
36
# Reverse Present from birth
Define congenital
37
# Reverse Enterocollitis, with or without bloody diarrhoea
What does salmonella cause?
38
Give an example of a spirochaetes
Treponem pallidum - syphilis Borrelia burgdorferi - lymes disease
39
What does Moraxella Catarrhalis cause?
Respiratory tract infections
40
# Reverse Helicobacter pylori - natural habitat is human stomach - damages mucosa and causes ulcers
Name a microaerophilic spiral bacilli
41
What are the virulence mechanisms of Escherichia coli?
pili, capsule, endotoxin and exotoxins produced
42
# Reverse Lactose fermentation
What is the test for gram negative bacilli?
43
What does microaerophilic mean?
Requires little free oxygen
44
# Reverse Strict aerobic bacilli water and soil organisms Contaminates medical equipment Hospital acquired cause of sepsis: pneumonia, UTI Respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis
What type of organisms is pseudomonas?
45
# Reverse Fever and constipation
What does typhoid cause?
46
What are the important anaerobes? (BACILLI)
Bacteriodes Fragilis - normal colonic flora Causes intra-abdominal abscess
47
Define congenital
Present from birth
48
What are the gram negative bacilli other than coliforms?
Bordetella pertusis - whooping cough Haemophilus infuenzae - cocco bacilli (mixed appearance) respiratory tract infection - capsulate form formerly an important cause of meningitis
49
What is meant by miscellaneous bacteria
Can't be stained with gram stains Can't be cultured under standard methods Mycobacterium Spirochaetes Chlamydia
50
# Reverse Respiratory tract infections
What does Moraxella Catarrhalis cause?
51
# Reverse Salmonella typhi
What is the cause of typhoid fever?
52
What is the test for gram negative bacilli?
Lactose fermentation
53
# Reverse Campylobacter - commonest cause of bacterial diarrhoea in the UK
Name a curved microaerophilic gram negative bacilli
54
Name a curved microaerophilic gram negative bacilli
Campylobacter - commonest cause of bacterial diarrhoea in the UK
55
# Reverse Chlamydophila pneumoniae Chlamydophila psittaci - contact with birds
What are the strains of chlamydia that cause respiratory infection?
56
How is diagnosis of chlamydia achieved?
Nucleic acids amplification tests
57
What are the stages of lymes disease?
1. Skin rash 2. Systemic illness - cardiac or neurological and musculoskeletal symptoms 3. Chronic disease - skin, nervous system or joint abnormalities
58
What are the forms of Neisseria spp that are of clinical significance?
Neisseria Meningitidis - meningitis and septicaemia Neisseria ghonorrhoeae - urethritis in men - pelvic inflammatory disease
59
What are the stages of syphilis?
Primary - Non-painful skin legions Secondary - Systemic illness and rash Latent - symptomatic episodes may occur Tertiary - central nervous system Congenital - stillbirth, neonatal death or disease
60
What type of bacteria are Neisseria spp and Moraxella catarrhalis?
Aerobic gram negative cocci
61
Does E Coli ferment lactose?
Yes
62
What is used to detect spirochaetes?
Dark ground microscopy or immunofluorescence - Often diagnosed by serology
63
# Reverse Mycobacterium species
What is the ZN stain used for?
64
What is the cause of typhoid fever?
Salmonella typhi
65
What other commensals of the gut exist? (apart from E.Coli)
Klebsiella - UTI and pneumonia Proteus spp - UTI
66
# Reverse Bordetella pertusis - whooping cough Haemophilus infuenzae - cocco bacilli (mixed appearance) respiratory tract infection - capsulate form formerly an important cause of meningitis
What are the gram negative bacilli other than coliforms?
67
Name an oral anaerobe
Prevotella - cause of dental abscess (pus that forms in the teeth and gums), aspiration pneumonia, human and animal bite infections.
68
Name another gut pathogen that isn't salmonella or E.Coli
Shigella - diarrhoea, dysentery
69
# Reverse Chlamydia trachomatis - trachoma (tropical eye infections) Can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
What strain of chlamydia is responsible for the Ophthalmic and genital tract infection?
70
# Reverse Enterobacteriaceae Inhabitants of the gut
What family do Coliforms belong in?
71
What is the infection usually associated with Ecoli?
Urinary tract infection Enterotoxogenic E.Coli - commonest cause of travellers diarrhoea Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli - Bloody diarrhoea Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
72
# Reverse Dark ground microscopy or immunofluorescence - Often diagnosed by serology
What is used to detect spirochaetes?
73
# Reverse pili, capsule, endotoxin and exotoxins produced
What are the virulence mechanisms of Escherichia coli?
74
# Reverse Requires little free oxygen
What does microaerophilic mean?
75
# Reverse Shigella - diarrhoea, dysentery
Name another gut pathogen that isn't salmonella or E.Coli
76
# Reverse Nucleic acids amplification tests
How is diagnosis of chlamydia achieved?

semester 1 (105 decks)

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