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Vocabulary > Government test outline > Flashcards

Government test outline Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the first most important constitutional idea

A

separation of powers

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2
Q

What is the second most important constitutional idea

A

Federalism

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3
Q

What is the third most important constitutional idea

A

Individual rights

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4
Q

Separation of powers prevents…

A

any one branch from having too much power

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5
Q

What Supreme Court case backed up the separation of powers

A

Marbury v Madison (1803)

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6
Q

What did Marbury vs Madison establish a precedent for

A

Judicial review

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7
Q

What is judicial review

A

The supreme court has the power to strike down a legislative or executive act that it deems unconstitutional

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8
Q

What is Federalism

A

The principle that power should be divided between the national government and the states

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9
Q

Federalism has become a hot topic in recent years with issues like…

A

Marijuana legalization and immigration

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10
Q

Which Supreme court case backed up the principle of Federalism

A

United States v. Lopez (1995)

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11
Q

What did United States v. Lopez reinforce

A

The idea that there are limits to the federal government’s power. It ruled that the Gun-free School Zones Act was unconstitutional

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12
Q

Why was the Gun-Free school zones act unconstitutional

A

Because it exceeded Congress’s authority under the Commerce Clause

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13
Q

Individual rights are the fundamental liberties and freedoms that are guarenteed….

A

To all Americans

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14
Q

What document enumerates individual rights?

A

The bill of rights

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15
Q

What are some liberties enumerated in the bill of rights

A

Freedom of speech, religion, and the press, as well as the right to bear arms and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

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16
Q

What Supreme Court case backed individual liberties

A

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

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17
Q

What did Brown v. Board of Education accomplish

A

It struck down segregation in public schools

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18
Q

Communitarians believe that people are…

A

inherently social and that communities play a crucial role in shaping people’s identities.

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19
Q

Communitarians emphasize _________ responsibility and _________ duty

A

collective responsibility and civic duty

20
Q

Communitarians believe that society should prioritize the common good over

A

individual rights

21
Q

Communitarians might support

A

universal healthcare or policies that support local businesses and workers

22
Q

Conservatives prioritize

A

tradition, order, and stability

23
Q

Conservatives believe in limited ________ and individual ____________

A

government, liberty

24
Q

Conservatives are wary of _______ social change

A

Rapid

25
Q

Conservatives might support

A

policies that promote personal responsibility and self-reliance, such as tax cuts and deregulation

26
Q

Liberals emphasize ___________ rights and __________

A

Individual rights and freedom

27
Q

Liberals think that the government should play an active role in

A

Promoting equality and social justice

28
Q

Liberals are more accepting of _________ change

A

Social

29
Q

Because liberals are more accepting of social change, they may support progressive policies like

A

Marriage equality and social justice

30
Q

Libertarians believe in __________ government intervention in __________ and ____________ economic spheres

A

Limited government intervention in social and economic spheres

31
Q

Libertarians prioritize individual ____________ and personal __________

A

individual liberty and personal responsibility

32
Q

Libertarians are skeptical of government ________________

A

Government regulation

33
Q

With respect to foreign policy, libertarians tend to be _______________ and may oppose interventionist policies like ____________________ and __________________

A

isolationist in foreign policy and may oppose interventionist policies like military intervention and international trade agreements

34
Q

Libertarians may support policies like

A

Lower taxes and a free-market healthcare system

35
Q

What is the first tension of human government

A

The balance between individual liberty and collective responsibility

36
Q

What is the second tension of human government

A

the balance between centralization and decentralization of power

37
Q

What is the third tension of human government

A

the balance between stability and flexibility

38
Q

How did founders address the balance between individual liberty and collective responsibility

A

the declaration of independence

39
Q

What was one of the few unifying philosophical positions that the founders shared

A

the social compact theory

40
Q

What is the social compact theory

A

the idea that government must be based on an agreement between those who govern and those who consent to be governed

41
Q

What document manifested the tension between centralization and decentralization of power

A

the Articles of Confederation, which established a weak central government with limited authority

42
Q

How did the founders fix the problems created by the articles of confederation

A

by creating a stronger, more centralized government in the Constitution.

43
Q

How did the Constitution address the tension between centralization and decentralization of power

A

The Constitution established a system of checks and balances to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful and also allowed for the decentralization of power through the principle of federalism.

44
Q

Why did the founders recognize that there is a balance between stability and flexibility

A

they recognized that a government must be stable enough to provide order and security but also flexible enough to adapt to changing circumstances

45
Q

How did the Founders address the balance between stability and flexibility

A

Through the amendment process

Vocabulary (17 decks)

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