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ELIZABETH > Government > Flashcards

Government Flashcards

1
Q

Elizabeths main advisors

A
  • William Cecil
  • Robert Dudley
  • Sir Francis Walsingham
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2
Q

William Cecil

A
  • appointed Secretary of State in 1558
  • most important minister and guided her for 40 years
  • 1571: received title as Lord Burghley
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3
Q

Robert Dudley

A
  • Earl of Leicester
  • trusted adviser until death in 1588
  • close with Elizabeth (rumours of lovers?)
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4
Q

Sir Francis Walsingham

A
  • In charge of Elizabeth’s secret service
  • advised foreign affairs
  • 1586, he uncovered the plot that led to Mary QOS’s execution
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5
Q

Privy council

A
  • a group of powerful noblemen appointed by Elizabeth

- they advised Elizabeth but did not control her

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6
Q

How many were appointed to PC and why?

A
  • small group of 19
  • to minimise conflict
  • to make sure members would get too powerful or disloyal
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7
Q

How often did they meet?

A
  • initially met 3 times a week

- met everyday as the council’s influence grew

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8
Q

What did the PC advise on?

A

domestic and foreign issues:

  • handling challenges/threats
  • when to go to war
  • relations with foreign ambassadors
  • enforcement of religion
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9
Q

When could parliament meet?

A

when Elizabeth Called it

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10
Q

who would set the agenda of Parliament meetings?

A

Elizabeth

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11
Q

What could Parliament discuss?

A

only what Elizabeth allowed to be discussed

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12
Q

What did Elizabeth mainly use Parliament for?

A

to grant her taxes which was her main income

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13
Q

Could Elizabeth prorogue parliament?

A

yes, at any time

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14
Q

how many times did parliament meet?

A
  • 13 times in her 45 year reign
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15
Q

Who helped control proceedings in parliament

A

her privy councillors

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16
Q

What was a change with MPs during Elizabeth’s reign

A

they became more influential and assertive

17
Q

What was parliament and MPs in conflict over?

A
  • marriage
  • religion
  • freedom of speech
  • monopolies
18
Q

Conflict over marriage

A
  • MPs felt Elizabeth should marry and produce an heir to secure the line of succession
19
Q

Conflict over marriage: Elizabeth’s response

A
  • said it was her private business

- she would marry when and if It was convention

20
Q

Conflict over religion

A
  • E was protestant and re-instated the Church of England
  • wanted to avoid religious conflict so offered a ‘middle-way’
  • Puritan MPs disagreed with this
21
Q

Conflict over Religion: Elizabeth’s response

A
  • said religion was a matter of state, not for parliament

- forbade them to discuss religion

22
Q

Conflict over freedom of speech

A
  • 1576: puritan MP Peter Wentworth complained MPs were not free to discuss whatever they liked
23
Q

Conflict over freedom of speech: Elizabeth’s response

A
  • sent him to the Tower of London for a month for speaking out
24
Q

what were monopolies?

A
  • gave individual notes and merchants the right to manufacture/sell goods
  • intended to promote business and boost the economy
25
Q

Conflicts over monopolies

A
  • MPs felt monopolies were unfair and were being abused
  • because one person controlled the supply of a particular product, prices rose
  • Elizabeth also made money from granting monopoly licences
  • protests from 1597-98 and 1601, wouldn’t grant taxes
26
Q

Evidence of revisionist thesis

A
  • most of the time the commons gave E what she wanted
  • Elizabeth could forbid certain discussions
  • the commons agreed to the lord Chancellor over th 1586 Norfolk election
  • little uprising for freedom of speech
27
Q

Revisionist thesis

A
  • different to Neale’s theory
  • more cooperation in parliament than conflict
  • any opposition was infrequent, not organised, and never a serious challenge to Elizabeth
28
Q

Neale’s ‘Puritan Choir’ Thesis

A
  • developed a thesis on the role of Parliament
  • parliaments increasing importance (mostly in religious matters) encouraged factionalism and opposition to royal authority in the Commons
  • Puritans would demand more Protestant reforms for the Church of England
  • this is evidence of a more organised commons that was prepared to contest Elizabeth’s policies
29
Q

Conflict over Monopolies: Elizabeth’s response

A
  • she withdrew some monopolies

- made long speech flattering parliament (the ‘Golden Speech’)

30
Q

Neale’s ‘Puritan Choir’ Thesis

A
  • developed a thesis on the role of Parliament
  • parliaments increasing importance (mostly in religious matters) encouraged factionalism and opposition to royal authority in the Commons
  • Puritans would demand more Protestant reforms for the Church of England
  • this is evidence of a more organised commons that was prepared to contest Elizabeth’s policies

ELIZABETH (1 decks)

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