Global Studies Finals Flashcards
Which group was the main threat to Charles V’s power in Spain?
Ottoman Empire
What religion did Charles V aim to suppress in Spain?
Protestantism
The belief that a ruler’s power came from God is called
Divine Right
What was the name of the battle in which Philip II finally defeated the Ottoman’s
Lepanto
In 1588, Philip II sent a fleet of warships to attack England under Queen Elizabeth I, this fleet was known as an
Armada
The incident in 1572 in which Catholic royalty massacred over 3,000 hugenots was known as
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
What did Henry IV do to save France from their period of religious violence?
Convert to Catholicism
What nickname did Louis XIV take and why was this significant?
Sun King
Royal officials who collected taxes, trained soldiers, and carried out policies were called
Intendants
Louis XIV grand palace in which he aimed to symbolize his royalty by sparing no expense to purchase the most expensive and high quality artwork was called
Versailles
Groups of monarchs that ruled in England from 1485-1603 were called
Tudor
The English Civil War happened as a result of James I and Charles I being unwilling to work with Parliament True or False
True
The names of the two groups who fought in the English civil war
Cavaliers and Round heads
Roundheads were led by ( ), who selected his soldiers based on skill rather than social class
Oliver Cromwell
The overthrow of James II in England was known as the
Glorious Revolution
When William and Mary were invited to replace James II, they had to first agree to the terms of the
English Bill Of Rights
One of the terms listed in the English bill of rights was that no person could be jailed without legal justification. The term used for this is
Habeus Corpues
he two political parties that emerged in England following becoming a constitutional government were the
Whigs and Tories
A government in which ruling power belongs to only a few people
Oligarchy
The adoption of Western ideas, technologies and culture is called
Westernization
Condition in which tenant farmers were bound to a hereditary plot of land and to the will of his landlord was known was
Serfdom
Which city did Peter the Great turn into a grand capital
St. Petersburg
Why did Peter the Great so desperately want to acquire a warm water port?
Trade year round
Catherine the Great eventually secured a warm water port by defeating what group?
Ottomans
Catherine the Great and rulers from Austria and Prussia partitioned or divided what country?
Poland
Social classes in France were called
Estates
The third estate was made up of middle class workers known as the
bourgeoisie
The name of Louis XVI’s financial advisor who was dismissed after suggested the first and second estates should have their tax exempt status revoked
Jacques Necker
What was the one condition that allowed French men to vote during the time of the revolution?
Propertied men
When the third estate vowed not to separate and reassemble whenever necessary until a just Constitution is established, this was known as the
Tennis Court Oath
When revolutionaries stormed a medieval fortress and political prison, allowing a handful of prisoners to escape, this was known as the
Storming of the Bastille
This individual was head of the national guard in France and fought alongside George Washington in the Revolutionary War
Marquise de Lafayette
The French document that modeled the American Declaration of Independence and proclaimed
all male citizens were equal before the law and had natural rights to “liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression”
Deceleration Of The Rights Of Man
When a group of women marched 13 miles from Versailles to confront Marie Antoinette and Louis
XVI, they demanded they move their royal residence where
Paris
People who fled France during the revolution were called
emigres
Who was head of the Committee of Public Safety in France?
Maximilien Robespierre
The period of time from September 1793 to July of 1794 in which people in France were arrested in large numbers, and many being executed for not supporting the revolution
Reign Of Terror
The machine used to conduct beheadings was called the
guillotine
A strong feeling of pride and devotion to one’s country is called
Nationalism
Who was the grandson of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, who would go onto become the ruler of Spain, as well as the Hapsburg empire?
Charles V
Which group was the biggest threat to Charles V power as ruler of Spain?
Ottomans
The belief that a ruler’s authority comes directly from God
Divine Right
The French protestant group that feuded with the Catholic majority during the 1500s were called
Hugenots
A type of government in which a constitution or legislative body limits a monarch’s rights
Limited monarchy
The killing of approximately 3,000 Hugenots on August 24, 1572 is commonly known as
(St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre)
Rules discoverable by reason are called
Natural Law
Which Enlightenment thinker believed that people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish and that people should be governed by absolute monarchies
Hobbes
Which Enlightenment thinker inspired the three branches of government?
Montesquieu
The policy that allows businesses to operate with little to no government interference
laissez faire
What city did the first continental congress take place
Philly
Which Enlightenment thinker believed people were naturally good and should have basic liberties and freedoms?
Locke
What document comprises the first ten amendments of the U.S. constitution
Bill Of Rights
Put the following events in chronological order
Massacre 1770 Tea party 1773 Continental Congress 1774
The British king at the time of the American revolution?
George lll
What 1777 battle that the Americans were victorious is considered a turning point in the war?
Battle of Saratoga
What act passed by Parliament in 1765 imposed taxes on items such as newspapers and pamphlets
Stampt Act
Name of the Treaty that ended the revolutionary war
Treaty of Paris
When revolutionaries stormed a medieval fortress and political prison, allowing a
handful of prisoners to escape, this was known as the
Storming of the Bastille
The French document that modeled the American Declaration of Independence and proclaimed all male citizens were equal before the law and had natural rights to “liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression”
Deceleration of the Rights of Man
Who was head of the Committee of Public Safety in France
Maximilian Robespierre
As Napoleon’s army pursued the Russians, they burned villages and crops as they retreated,
this policy was known as the
Scorched Earth Policy
The period of time from September 1793 to July of 1794 in which people in France were
arrested in large numbers, and many being executed for not supporting the revolution
Reign of Terror
European leaders meeting at a conference to try and restore stability and order to Europe
following the reign of Napoleon was called the
Congress of Vienna
What revolution first took place that led up to the Industrial Revolution?
Agricultural
Who invented the seed drill
Jethro Tull
What country did the Industrial Revolution begin
Britain
What was Britain’s largest industry during the revolution
textile
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
Multistory buildings divided into crowded apartments
tenements
Rapid movement of people to cities
urbanization
An organization of workers who work toward common goals
labor unions
What book did Adam Smith write where he advocated for free market economics?
The Wealth of Nations
Karl Marx and Frederich Engles advocated for a classless society in their book
The Communist manifesto
Which French ruler was known as the citizen king?
Louis Phillipe
T’Ouissant L’Overture was a self-educated former slave who led a revolt that led to the independent region of
Haiti
The highest social class who dominated Latin American society
peninsulares
Which military and political leader was known as the liberator and led an uprising that established a republic in his native country of Venezuela?
Simon Bolivar
Who was the first European nation to industrialize after Britain
Belgium
By 1900, what country overtook Britain as the world’s leading industrial nation, producing
roughly 30% of the world’s industrial goods?
Unites States
A manufacturing process in which parts are added in a sequence along a line from workstation to workstation
assembly line
What state was the first American textile factory built?
Rhode Island
Who was the Swedish chemist that invented dynamite, which he used his fortune from to fund famous awards that are still given today?
Alfred Nobel
In the late 1800s which American auto maker began making model cars that could reach
breathtaking speeds of 25 mph?
Henry Ford
What state did the Wright brothers fly the first airplane in 1903?
North Carolina
Which British woman is considered the founder of modern nursing?
Florence Nightengale
Rebuilding of poor areas of a city is called
urban renewal
