Global Quiz Two Flashcards
Why did the ottomans join WW ONE?
1- Germany was an ally since 1800s. made capitulation treaty
2- wanted a peice of the Bulkans back
where did the mongols come from?
Northern China
How many Crusades were there?
10 total
who started the crusades?
Pope Urban the second stared them in 1095
JIHAD
Muslim holy war (die in battle then go to heaven)
who was saladin?
Muslim leader against the crusaders. provoked third crusades 1187-1192
who were the Mamlukes?
People who defended Egypt by fighting Mongols.
Sultan Mehmet 2
1451-1481. In 1453, ended the Byzantine empire by capturing their capital (constantinople) and changing its name to Istanbul.
when did the ottoman empire fall?
end of ww one
Autonomy
political self goverment in exchange for taxes and people to be solders.
Jannaseries
In exchange for money, many famalies sold their born son to the goverment, where they would be traned to become a special solder called a Janissary.
Suleiman the magnificent
1520-1566 created the autonomy and helped muslims
what led to the decline of the ottoman empire?
Suleyman’s son . was known as the drunklard. Sultans became less involves in the goverent and gave their power to minsters. trainng of officials also declined and they grew corrupt. taxes rose and people grew poorer.
Imperialism
bigger force taking over smaller force. what was taking place all over Europe.
Capitulations
Ottomans paid money and land to learn how to manufacture weapons from both the British and French. Eentually they lost alot of territory and fell.
Sykes Picot agreement
divided the ottoman empire in half. French (Francis Picot) agreed that France gets north and (Sir Mark Sykes) Britain got south. This meant that Iraq and Kauai go to the British and Syria plus Lebanon go to the french.
what were the british goals of 1917?
keep palestine to build oil pipeline to med sea
2-keep ruissa in war
3-get U.S.A in war
4- get germans to betray their goverment
Balfour Decoration
said Britain will give their bestshot to get palestone fr the jews.
Theodore Hertzl
Australian jewish journalist who got sent to france to write an article about Alfred Dreifuss. @ years before Dreifuss was founfd guilty, he wroe a book called the jewish state.
Alfred Dreifuss
First jewish officer in french army, was later promoted to captain. Accused of being a spy for germany and got sentenced to life in prison. Known as the Dreyfus affair. in 1898 was discovered that he was framed and he was innocet.
First Zionist congress
1897 the jewsih leaders frm around the world met in basel switzerland where all the Jewish leaders discussed about the book , the Jewish state.
The white paper
In 1939, because arab riots,
1- jewsh immigration would be limited to 1/3 of the total population and would cease to exist in 5 years.
2- jewish immegration could only begin with arab permission.
3- in 5 years palestine promised independence with arab majority
Dvid ben-gurion
1836-1973. was the leader of jewish settlements in palesine. later became first prime minister of isreal.
Sir Henry Mc MAhon
British colonial officer of egypt during ww1. sent letters to ottoman leader of mecca and wanted him to lead a rebellion against the ottomans in exchange for many arab cuntries. . letters became known as Hussein- mcmaham correspondence.
Isreali war of independence.
Israel vs egypt jordan syria lebenon and iraq.
Haganah
they were the british trained jewish army who defended settlements against arab attacks.
Mustafa Kamal Ataturk
helped maintain turkish independence. made equal rights, no head coverings, and english letters.
suez war
in 1956, the suez war begins when egypt kicks french and british out and closed he suez canal to israeli ships. war begins and he losses, but U.S.A frces israel to give t back to the Egyptians.
Camal Abded Nasser
was a general who wanted to take control of the arab world. In 1967, he became the supreme leader of the arab world, and went afterisrael with egypt, jordan, syria, lebenon and iraq. Had money from the U.S and military equipment from the soviet union.
1967 6 day war
This war was accomplished in Israeli victory. Occupied sinai peninsula from egypt, west bank from jordan, and golemn heights from syria. Because of this nassar resigned in humiliation, but returned cause publib wanted him to continue.
War of attrition
1967-1973 egypt and israel fought for opposite sides of the suez canal.
death of nassar
in 1970, nassar dies of a heart attack and from 1970-1981, answer sadat became president.
peace between Israel and egypt
in 1979. sadat sined a treaty with israel but in 1981 got assasinatedby the egyptions. sadat called the sraeli prime miniser Menarhem Beigin to make the treaty
yom kippur war
1973 started when sadat made a treaty with jordan and syria to fight israel. at the end, israel never lost land both sides lost the same amount of soldiers.
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
muslim extremest caused by th 1979 iranian revolution. wanted to stop westernizing stuff. wanted iran to beome a shia muslim theocracy.
what did Ruhollah call for?
called for a revolution throughout the middle east, and wanted everyone to be a theocracy. he expelled the king from the country who was shah reza khan, took hostages, and cut the U.S from oil.
Iran-Iraq war
dictator of iran (sadam hussein) went wo ar with iran. the U.S worked with the soviet union t help sadam kill the iranians. at the end not even an inch of iranian sil was gained.
Kuwait
After the iran-iraq war, iraq took over kuwait and in 1991 the U.S kicked Sadam out of there. became enemy forever after. yay!
Shah Raza Khan
Was a king of iran who was westernizing stuff
