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Neuro System > Glaucoma and Vertigo Drugs > Flashcards

Glaucoma and Vertigo Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

The following drug classes decrease auqueous humor synthesis:

A
  1. Beta-blockers
  2. Alpha-2 agonists
  3. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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2
Q

During pregnancy ___ can be used ONLY if absolutely necessary

A

Promethazine (anti-emetic/1st generation antihistamine)

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3
Q

Vertigo: Medications to suppress the vestibular system and ease nausea

Benzodiazepine anxiolytics

A
  1. Diazepam
  2. Lorazepam
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4
Q

Vertigo: Medications to suppress the vestibular system and ease nausea

Antiemetics

A
  1. Ondansetron
  2. Prochlorperazine
  3. Promethazine (1st generation antihistamine)
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5
Q

Meniere disease: Medications to suppress vestibular system and ease nausea.

THE SAME AS FOR VERTIGO EXCEPT

A

No 2nd generation antihistamines (loratadine, fexofenadine, cetirizine)

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6
Q

Meniere disease: Treatment to modulate endolymph/ionic balance

Initial treatment

A

Restrict dietary salt intake

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7
Q

Vertigo: Medications to suppress the vestibular system and ease nausea

2nd generation antihistamines

A
  1. Loratadine
  2. Fexofenadine
  3. Cetirizine
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8
Q

Meniere disease: Treatment to modulate endolymph/ionic balance

2nd step in treatment

A

Hydrochlorothiazide (thiazide diuretic)

Alone or with:

Triamterene (K-sparing diuretic) and/or acetazolamide (CA inhibitor)

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9
Q

3rd line treatment for chronic open-angle glaucoma

A
  1. Dorzolamide (CA inhibitor) +
  2. Pilocarpine (direct muscarinic antagonist)
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10
Q

2nd line treatment for chronic open-angle glaucoma

A
  1. Timolol (beta-blocker) or
  2. Apraclonodine (alpha-2 agonist)
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11
Q

___ during pregnancy are typically only for cases of heart disease (not for normal HTN); not typically used to treat Meniere disease

A

Diuretics

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12
Q

___ are pregnancy risk factor D and should not be used unless benefits outweight the risks.

A

Benzodiazepines

Diazepam

Lorazepam

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13
Q

The following drug classes enhance drainage of aqueous humor

A
  1. Muscarinic agonists
  2. Prostaglandins
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14
Q

Vertigo: Medications to suppress the vestibular system and ease nausea

1st generation antihistamines

A
  1. Dimenhydrinate
  2. Diphenhydramine
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15
Q

During pregnancy ___ and ___ can be used for vertigo/nausea

A

Dimenhydrinate

Diphenhydramine

(1st generation antihistamines)

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16
Q

1st line treatment for chronic open-angle glaucoma

A

Latanoprost (topical prostaglandins)

17
Q

Initial therapy for acute closed-angle glaucoma (then surgery)

A
  1. Timolol (beta-blocker) +
  2. Apraclonodine (alpha-2 agonist) +
  3. Pilocarpine (direct muscarinic agonist)

Neuro System (4 decks)

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