GIT anatomy practice MCQ Flashcards
The transpyloric plane passes through which of the following structures?
Select one:
a. origin of superior mesenteric artery
b. lumbar vertebra 2
c. uncinate process of pancreas
d. neck of gallbladder
a. origin of superior mesenteric artery
The coronary ligament;
Select one:
a. is a remnant of the umbilical vein of the fetus
b. holds the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
c. Is a fold of peritonuem that connects the stomach to the duodenum
d. attaches the liver to the anterior body wall
e. continues down as far as the umbilicus
b. holds the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Select one:
a. The caudate lobe drains directly into the IVC via small venous channels
b. The right hepatic vein divides the anterior and posterior segments of the right lobe and enters the IVC separately
c. The middle and left hepatic veins may join just before entering the IVC
d. Hepatic veins have no valves and their bloodflow reflects the triphasic pulsatility of the IVC and right atrium
e. There is consistently only one main hepatic vein thart exits the liver & enters the IVC just below the diaphragm
e. There is consistently only one main hepatic vein thart exits the liver & enters the IVC just below the diaphragm
Which of the following is correct about Couinaud’s classification system of the liver?
Select one:
a. In the centre of each segment is the central vein
b. Each segment has its own dual vascular inflow, biliary and lymphatic drainage
c. In the periphery of each segment is a branch of the portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
d. Couinard classification describes the morphological external liver anatomy
b. Each segment has its own dual vascular inflow, biliary and lymphatic drainage
All of the following are correct except;
The porta hepatis;
Select one:
a. contains the common hepatic bile duct
b. contains right and left branches of the hepatic artery
c. contains portal vein
d. separates the caudate lobe from the quadrate lobe
e. contains hepatic veins
e. contains hepatic veins
The following structures are all retroperitoneal except;
Select one:
a. aorta
b. 2nd part of duodenum
c. 3rd part of duodenum
d. tail of pancreas
e. kidneys
d. tail of pancreas
Which of the following statements is correct?
Select one:
a. Bile is not an enzyme but an emulsifier of fat
b. The gallbladder wall is not continuous with the peritoneum
c. The gallbladder produces, concentrates and stores bile
d. The gallbladder is a hollow organ with a capacity of about 15mls
a. Bile is not an enzyme but an emulsifier of fat
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
Select one:
a. Storing excess glucose as glycogen
b. Synthesis of nearly all the blood plasma proteins including albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, and other clotting facotrs
c. Detoxifies alcohol, and many other drugs
d. Macrophages (called Kupffer cells) clean blood of gut-derived bacteria, microbial debris and bacterial endotoxins
e. Converts vitamin D3 to calcidiol and stores vitamin D
f. Synthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids
g. Converts urea to ammonia by means of the urea cycle
g. Converts urea to ammonia by means of the urea cycle
Which of the following is incorrect ?
Select one:
a. The liver, being the body’s largest gland, fills most of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions
b. The body of the gallbladder is in contact with the first and second portions of the duodenum
c. The gallbladder is separated from the liver by connective tissue called Glisson’s capsule
d. The gallbladder is located on the visceral surface of the liver in a shallow fossa at a plane dividing the quadrate lobe from the left lobe
d. The gallbladder is located on the visceral surface of the liver in a shallow fossa at a plane dividing the quadrate lobe from the left lobe
Which of the following is incorrect about the psoas muscle?
Select one:
a. The psoas muscle originates from the bodies and intravertebral discs of T12- L5
b. The psoas muscle merges its insertion with iliacus
c. The psoas muscle is a flexor of the hip when the trunk is fixed
d. The psoas muscle inserts onto the ischial tuberosity
d. The psoas muscle inserts onto the ischial tuberosity
Which of the following is incorrect?
Select one:
a. When old red blood cells are broken down in the spleen, the heme is turned into unconjugated bile which is not soluble and thus transported by albumin to the liver
b. The enterohepatic circulation directs nutrient -rich blood from the intestines to the liver
c. A small amount of conjugated bilirubin is metabolised by colonic bacteria to urobilinogen
d. Bilirubin is conjugated in the liver by the enzyme glucuronyltransferase
e. 95 % of secreted bile is reabsorbed by the small intestines, in particular the terminal ileum
b. The enterohepatic circulation directs nutrient -rich blood from the intestines to the liver
Which of the following is incorrect?
Select one:
a. Urobilin is responsible for the straw-colour of urine
b. Urobilin,stercobilin and their degradation products give faeces its brown colour
c. Bilirubin is responsible for the yellow colour of skin bruising
d. Biliverdin is the pigment responsible for the greenish colour of bruises
e. Jaundice is caused by the lack of biliverdin or bilirubin formed in the liver
e. Jaundice is caused by the lack of biliverdin or bilirubin formed in the liver
