GI Data Flashcards
What are the markers of liver synthetic function?
- PT
- Albumin
Causes of transudate ascites?
- Cirrhosis
- Cardiac failure
- Hypoalbuminaemia
- Nephrotic syndrome
Causes of exudate ascites?
- Pancreatitis
- Malignancy
- Infection e.g. TB
Describe the Glasgow Blatchford Score?
- Risk stratify patients following an upper GI bleed
- 0 - outpatient management
- 1+ - admitted for investigation
Name some of the parameters of the glasgow blatchford score?
- Urea
- Haemoglobin
- Systolic BP
- Heart rate
- Melaena
- Syncope
- Hepatic disease
- Heart failure
Signs of small bowel obstruction on an AXR?
- Dilated small bowel
- Coiled spring appearance of valvulae conniventes
Signs of large bowel obstruction on AXR?
- Dilated large bowel
- Coffee bean appearance of sigmoid volvulus is present
AXR features of IBD/colitis?
- Lead pipe - loss of normal haustral markings
- Thumb printing - mucosal thickening of haustra
- Toxic megacolon - colonic dilation without obstruction
What does asterixis tell us?
- Uraemia
- Hepatic encepahlopathy
Why do you look under the armpits during the abdominal examination?
Acanthosis nigricans
What is angular stomatitis a sign of?
B12/folate deficiency
What is glossitis a sign of?
B12/folate deficiency
Why do you feel Virchows node?
Gastric malignancy
What are mouth ulcers a sign of?
Crohns/ coeliac disease
What are spider naevi a sign of?
Chronic liver disease
What is gynaecomastic a sign of?
- Cirrhosis
- Spironolactone use
what is hair loss a sign of?
- Malnutrition
- Iron deficiency anaemia
what are the extra areas from abdominal examination?
- Hernias
- Rectal examination
- Genitalia if appropriate
What does a high SAAG indicate (overall)?
The presence of portal hypertension
Generally what does the transudate ascites result from?
Increased pressure in the portal vein
Generally what does the exudate ascites result from?
Inflammation or malignancy
What is the general standard of treatment for SBP?
Third gen cephalosporins
