geography Flashcards
the earth is made up of how many layers
1 crust
2 mantle
3 outer core
4 inner core
what is the crust
the crust is the outside layer
what is the mantle
the mantle is the next one after the crust
what is the core
the centre of the earth
what is the crust made of
solid rock
what is the mantle made of
magma
what is the core made of
iron and nickel
what is the hottest part of the earth
core
how hot is the core
6000C
when is magma turn to lava
when it is at the surface
what is the hottest part of the earth?
core
WHAT is pangaea
when all the continents were joined together
what is an active volcano
it regularly erupt
what is a dormant volcano
that might erupted again
when a volcano is extinct, what does it mean
will not erupt again
what is the primary type of farming in mountainous areas
cattle and sheep
when is folded mountains form
when two plates collide
what is magma
semi melted rock
what is the two different types of plates
1 continental plates
2 oceanic plates
what is a plate boundary
the line where two plates meet
what is convection currents
when magma in the mantle is moved around in a circular motion it causes plates to move.
explain convection currents
1 magma is heated in the core
2 it rises toward the crust
3 it cools down and moves sideways
4 this causes friction and pulls the plates
5 the magma cools and sinks back down
6 it is then repeated
what is plate tectonics
the study of plates and their movement
what does continental drift mean
when Pangaea continents broke up and separated to their present position
what is the mid Atlantic ridge
the boundary where the American plate is separating from the European plate
what happens when plates collide
1 plates that collide have destructive boundaries.
2 crust is destroyed
3 the heavier plate melts back into the mantle
4 the lighter plate is lifted up to form Fold mountains.
what happens when plates separate
1 plates that separate have constructive boundaries.
2 new crust is created
3 plates that separate form -
1 volcanic Mountains
2 Volcanic islands - iceland
3 mid ocean ridges - European plate and north American plate
what happens when plates slide past each other
1 Plates that slide past each other has passive boundaries
2 they cause earthquakes and fault lines
3 the san Andreas fault in California is a fault line that is created when pacific plate is sliding past the north American plate
what are the Andes
fold mountains that formed when the NAZCA plate collided with the south American plate
