geog regen Flashcards
social sucesses in sydney
highly multi-cultural
30% of the population are migrants and they have special migration policies that favour migrants who are specially and highly skilled
young, economically-active population with an average population of 36
high average salary
favourable climate
economical sucesses of sydney
location and time zone mean business can be traded in europe and usa which is especilaly useful for finance
national government de-regulated the finance sector which means foreign banks can opperate in sydney, over 40 head offices in sydney for foreign banks
largest manufacturing hub in australia
ranked 3rd for ‘global cities’ in terms of economical output and connectivity with the world
losses for sydney
climate change - wildfires
high costs of living, housing is particularly expensive
lack of public transport and congested roads
where is the rust belt
a geographical location in parts of the Midwest and Northeast of the USA
why did population decline occur in the rust belt
due to job losses, people moved out of the area in search of new work, e.g. michigan’s population has declined by 100,000 people since 1960
why did job loss occur in the rust belt
the global shift led to manufacturing being cheaper abroad and manufacturing also shifted to the South of the USA
why did poverty occur in the rust belt
job loss led to increased poverty levels, e.g. michigan has over 1/2 its children living in poverty and a poverty rate of 41.2%
what was the rust belt
the largest producer and exporter of metals and coals
what is a sink estate
a housing estate that’re undesireable to live in and are charecterised by high levels of crime and socio-economic deprivation
whats a gated community
a residential housing estate that’s strictly controlled and security protected. these are often attractive and exclusive builds.
what is a commuter village
a place where people live and travel elsewhere for work
what is a declining rural settlement
decline of employment in agriculture due to the globalisation of manufacturing
name a sucessful region in the UK
york
what makes york a sucessful region
named best place to live in the UK in 2018
7 million visitors a year
good university
festive area
high community spirit
what is a lived experince
an individuals first-hand experience of living in a place, which includes their thoughts, feelings and opinions of a place
how does deprivation affect levels of engagement
in deprived areas, people have closed social networks, meaning that they follow what others do
people in deprived areas may feel their voice is irrelevant
people may not care about what happens to the area
people may feel alienated by mainstream politics
people in extreme poverty have other worries
why do conflicts occur among contrasting community groups
people may feel enviro damange isnt worth the social changes
population increase can lead to a strain of services
regen can lead to gentrification that can lead to people being pushed out, house prices increasing, demographics changing ect.
HS2 pros
reduced journey times, almost 1/2 the time between london and manchester
expected to be more reliable
expected to be more comfortable
creation of jobs during construction
HS2 cons
costs have exceeded the initial thought and the norther-leg has had to be cancelled due to costs
had to clear woodlands and impacts on wildlife
demolition of houses in rural england
heathrow expansion pros
create local jobs - 77,000 by 2030
benefit the UKs economy
heathrow expansion cons
already the countries largest emitter of CO2
noise and air pollution for people who live under it
what is the negative multiplier effect
a cut in government spending can reduce an areas GDP and have negative consequences socially and economically
what is a flagship project
a large-scale, prestigious project that often use bold ‘signature architecture’ to hopefully generate a positive spin on a place.
what is rebranding
it involves re-imaging and regenerating a place to make it appear more attractive for potential investors
government policies to facilitate regeneration
investment in infrastructure e.g. HS2
regulation for where development cannot happen e.g. greenbelt land
energy
house building targets
local councils
what is ‘planning gain’
private homes only get granted permission if they make a certain amount of their homes affordable
what is a chambers of commerce
a network of businesses that supports and promotes the interests of its members
what is a trade union
groups of employees who get together to improve their conditions of employment
what is a local preservation society
organisations that are dedicated to the preservation of something specific e.g. the environment
what is a local enterprise partnership
locally owned partnerships between authorities and businesses
who are the local players in regeneration
trade unions
chambers of commerce
local enterprise partnerships
local preservation societies
what is a business park
a designated area where many businesses are grouped together to provide a range of facilities and services
what is a science park
industries and businesses that focus on the quaternary sector and usually involve a university partner
what is re-branding
the re-imaging to improve the image of a place
re-branding in glasgow
2014 Commonwealth games added £740 million to Glasgows gross value
the Golden-Z is a pedestrainised retail department
the Riverside corridor that has BBC Scotland, Science Museums
Residential developements
re-branding in Cornwall
Eden project
Universities
Extreme weather sports
Newquay business park
national government and migration policy
immigration increases GDP
lower skilled people can fill areas with gaps
migrants tend to be younger which helps with the aging population
before 2010 Labour where pro-immigration
the Conservative party have tightened migration laws after 2010
criteria for immigration has become more selective
strategies used for rural regeneration
farming diversification
food specialisation e.g. cannot get Wensleydale cheese unless it’s made in Wensleydale
Litirary/cultural associations e.g. the Bronte sisters in Howarth
Large gardens/projects e.g. the Eden project in Cornwall
strategies for urban regeneration
large sporting events e.g. 2014 commonwealth games in Glasgow
Iconic architecture
arts/museums/culture
residential developments
shopping and commercial developments
parks and public green space
