Genetic Comparisons of Traits Flashcards
What genetic mutation causes sickle cell anemia?
A point mutation in the HBB gene, resulting in abnormal hemoglobin.
What genetic mutation causes cystic fibrosis?
Mutations in the CFTR gene, often a deletion of three nucleotides (ΔF508).
How does lactase persistence differ genetically from sickle cell and cystic fibrosis?
Lactase persistence involves regulatory mutations affecting gene expression, while the other two involve coding sequence changes.
How are sickle cell anemia and lactase persistence examples of natural selection?
Both traits confer survival advantages in specific environments (malaria resistance and dietary adaptation).
How are cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia similar?
Both are caused by recessive mutations and require two defective alleles for the trait to manifest.
