General Wave Properties Flashcards
What can a wave source be?
A vibration or oscillation, can be periodic(i.e. regular and repeated)
How to describe movement of wave
(Sonic the weird enimal punches nuckles)
Source(e.g. hand movement)
Type of wave(e.g. rope wave)
Wave direction(e.g. left(hand) to right(wall)
Energy transfer(e.g. kinetic energy transferred from hand to rope to wall)
Particle movement(e.g. move up and down about rest positions)
No transfer of matter
How is sound propagated
Forward and backward vibration of source is passed on to _ particles. This causes alternate regions of air particles to be compressed and extended
What happens to pitch when frequency of sound wave decreases
Pitch is higher
What happens to volume when amplitude of sound wave increases
Sound is louder
What law do echoes obey
They obey the law of reflection, where angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
Equation to find depth of ocean using ultrasound
v = 2d/t, where v is speed of sound, d is depth and t is time taken
Why is reflected pulse of ultrasound smaller in amplitude than the original pulse
Some sound energy is absorbed by the water as the pulse propagates and is absorbed by seabed when the pulse hits
How does ultrasound work in imaging of internal organs
By detecting strength, direction and timing of reflected pulses, image of internal organs can be generated
How does ultrasound work in pre-natal scanning
Images of foetal development are obtained via reflected ultrasound through measuring the strength, direction and timing of each reflected pulse to allow reflecting surface within the womb to be mapped
How does ultrasound work in breaking kidney stones and kidney treatment
High intensity focused ultrasound can be used to break stone up into smaller pieces so they can be expelled in urine, can be used to kill cancer/tumour cells and safe/non-invasive
When bat produces ultrasound, what happens to speed of ultrasound when bat uses different frequency for ultrasound
No change to speed as speed of ultrasound in air remains unchanged
When a hammer strikes a metal pipe, sound is propagated through the metal. What happens to speed of sound if pipe is made thicker
It will remain the same
Describe what happens to adjacent particles as a sound wave passes through them
Distance between adjacent particles will decrease before increasing beyond original distance and repeats
