General epi review Flashcards
measures of association in cohort study
risk ratio and rate ratio/incidence rate ratio
case-control measures of association
odds ratio
cross-sectional measures of association
prevalence proportion ratio
Type 1 error (alpha)
false positive-say there is an association when there is not one
Type II error (beta)
false negative-you say there is not association when there really is one
efficacy
outcome under ideal lab setting
effectiveness
outcome in the real world
point prevalence proportion ratio equation
(#casesin pop.)/(#persons in pop.)*1000
period prevalence proportion equation
(#cases in pop. during time interval)/(# persons in pop. during time interval) * 1000
cohort study sampled based on
exposure status
case-control study sampled based on
outcome/disease status
case-control study good for _____disease type
rare diseases
cumulative incidence equation
(# new cases in time period)/(# persons at risk in time period) *1000
incidence rate equation
(#new cases)/(total person-time at risk) * 1000
rate ratio calculated
Incidence rate exposed / incidence rate unexposed
risk ratio calculated
cumulative incidence exposed / cumulative incidence unexposed
risk ratio equation
(#disease exposed / total #exposed) / (#diseased unexposed / total # unexposed)
incidence rate ratio equation
(#Diseased exposed / total person-time exposed) / (# diseased unexposed / total person-time unexposed)
exposure odds ratio equation
(odds of exposure given disease) / ( odds of exposure given no disease)
disease odds ratio equation
(odds of disease given exposure) / (odds of disease given no exposure)
exposed event rate equation
(#exposed with disease) / (total exposed group)
control event rate equation
(#not exposed with disease)/ (toal not exposed)
attributable risk ratio equation
I EER-CER I
number needed to treat equation
1/ARR
