Gastric Flashcards
Colonisation with which of the following organisms has been identified as having a causal link to peptic ulcer disease
Helicobacter pylori
A faecal softening agent which acts as a detergent, permitting water and fatty substances to penetrate and mix with faecal matter
Docusate
A patient asks you for advice about the safest type of laxative to use while at home so as to prevent constipation. Which laxative would you advise the patient to use on a long term basis?
Bulk forming laxatives
On admission a patients tells you that they have been purchasing antacids over the counter for the past six months to self-treat their heart burn. You are aware that this self-treatment may have which results.
Masked symptoms of serious underlying diseases
The nurse is providing patient education about antacids what would you mention
Rebound hyperacidity may occur with some antacids
Antacids neutralise acid in the stomach
Magnesium based antacids cause diarrhoea
Which of the following drugs competitively block H2 receptors, reducing gastric acid secretion ?
Ranitadine
By which mechanism does omeprazole reduce gastric acid secretion?
binds to proton pump and inhibits release of gastric acid, increasing gastric pH
The recommended current triple therapy for eradication of H. Pylori is
PPI, Clarithromycin and Amoxycillin
Prior to administering a laxative the nurse checks the patients’ medical history. The nurse knows that laxatives are contraindicated in which of the following conditions.
Abdominal pain of unknown origin
By which mechanism do loperamide and codeine inhibit intestinal propulsive motility?
Stimulating opioid (µ) receptors
Dyspepsia meaning, what can it feel like and side effects
Dyspepsia - pain or discomfort located in the upper abdomen (= indigestion)
Described as a burning sensation or heaviness
May include: Bloating, belching, anorexia, nausea, vomiting
Stomach Acid controlling medications
Antacids MOA, indc, AR, pt ed
Neutralise acid in the stomach
Raise the pH of the stomach
Indic/peptic ulcer, gastritis, gord, dyspepesia
AR/bloating, chalky traste.
Pt ed - taken 2hrs before or after other meds, arrythmias,
Stomach Acid controlling medications H2 antagonists MOA, indc, AR, pt ed
MOA Block histamine from stimulating the H2 receptors causing a reduction in gastric acid secretion
Indic/peptic ulcer, gastritis, gord
AR/GI upset, headaches, elderly-confusion
Stomach Acid controlling medications
Proton pump inhibitors(Omeprazole) MOA, indc, AR, pt ed
MOA Bind to gastric proton pump to prevent release of gastric acid, increasing in gastric pH
Indic/peptic ulcer, gastritis, gord, h.pylori
AR/GI upset headache, skin rash
Pt ed/ dont poen, chew or crush caps, not for long term
first line antiemetic drugs used to manage nausea and vomiting (Cyclizine, Ondansetron and Metoclopramide).
Ondansetron
MOA, indc, AR, pt ed
MOA binds and inhbits stimulation - preventing the vomiting reflex
Indic/cheno induced n+v, post op n+v
AR/constipation, headache, anziety
Drug int - w tramadol, analgesic effect is lessened,. Cautions w opioids as inc constipation. CNS depress - inc risk of serotonin syndrome
