Gasoline Exhaust

Question 1

Gases released in engine exhaust

Answer 1

CO, HC, NOx, SO2, O3, particulate matter (soot)
CO2(green house effect)
H2O,N2,O2

Question 2

Difference between OBD limit and emission limit

Answer 2

Emissions while checking should be less than emission limit.but during high load it might pass the emission limit, so it should still be below OBD limit

Question 3

Lambda=1 when?

Answer 3

When the statiomatric air:fuel ratio =actual air:fuel ratio in the engine then lambda=1