Gas Exchange Flashcards
What is equation for pulmonary ventilation rate
Tidal volume x breathing rate
What is a goblet cell
Specialised type of epithelial cell that secretes mucins
What is tidal volume
Volume of air that moves in and out of lungs with each respiratory cycle
What is the residual volume
Volume of air remaining in lungs after max forced expiration
What is ventilation
Movement of air in and out of lungs
What are ciliated cells
Cells with cilia to help move substances in one direction
What are cartilaginous rings
Rings that prevent trachea collapsing when pressure decreases
What muscles contract and relax in inspiration
External intercostal muscles contract and internal intercostal muscles relax
Diaphragm contracts and flattens
Which muscles contract and relax in expiration
Internal intercostal muscles contract and external intercostal muscles relax
Diaphragm relaxes and push up
How does counter current flow work
Blood and water that flow over gill lamellae in opposite directions
So blood with high oxygen meets water with highest oxygen so diffusion takes place the blood with low oxygen meets water with slightly higher xylem so diffusion takes place along whole lamellae
