Gametogenesis

Question 1

Theca interna secretes what which is converted into what?

Answer 1

Androstenedione–> estrogen

Question 2

Theca externa form what part of the ovary?

Answer 2

Stroma

Question 3

Where is the embryo formed?

Answer 3

Epiblast

Question 4

Immature ova (eggs) are called?

Answer 4

Oogonia

Question 5

What hormone stops oocyte maturation?

Answer 5

Oocyte Maturation Inhibitor

Secreted by follicular cells

Question 6

3 Steps of Follicular Maturation

Answer 6

1) Primordial Follicle
2) Primary follicle
3) Secondary/Antral Follicle

Question 7

What are the two layers of the secondary follicle?

Answer 7

Theca interna– secrete steroids

Theca externa–form a fibrous coat

Question 8

What are the names and functions of the two granulosa cells?

Answer 8

1) Cumulus oophorus which attaches oocyte to the antral follicle wall
2) Corona radiata which surrounds the oocyte and will be ovulated with it and the zona pellucida.

Question 9

In what stage of follicular maturation does the zona pellucida occur?

Answer 9

Primary Follicle Stage

Question 10

When does the first meiotic division take place and what phase does it arrest in?

When does it resume?

Answer 10

12th fetal week
Prophase I
Resuems at puberty

Question 11

When does the second meiotic division take place and what phase does it arrest in?

Answer 11

Begins at ovulation

Arrests in Metaphse II

Question 12

What cells are left with the oocyte once fertilization occurs?

Answer 12

Zona pellucida and corona radiata

Question 13

What is the Graafian (tertiary) follicle?

Answer 13

The follicle that immediately precedes ovulation. It bulges out of the surface of the ovary.

Question 14

What do you call the finger-like projections of the uterine tube that move the secondary oocyte toward the uterus for fertilization?

Answer 14

Fimbriae

Question 15

What is the name of the uterine tube contractions and ciliary action of the cells in mucous to move it toward the uterus?

Answer 15

Peristalsis

Question 16

Fertilization typically occurs where?

Answer 16

Ampulla of the uterine tube

Question 17

Ruptured follicles become what?

Answer 17

Corpus luteum

An endocrine structure that secretes steroids

Question 18

What do you call the process of pushing the egg through the wall to get released?

Answer 18

Stigma

Question 19

Spermatogonia are divided into spermatocytes via?

Answer 19

Mitosis

Question 20

Secondary spermatocytes are formed via?

Answer 20

Meiosis

Question 21

What are the 3 types of spermatogonia?

Answer 21

Type A (dark)--reserve stem cells
Type A (pale) renew stem cells
Type B differentiation progenitors--become spermatocytes.

Question 22

What cells help nourish spermatocytes and are factories for testosteorne?

Answer 22

Leydig Cells

Question 23

Spermatogenesis

Answer 23

1) Spermatagonium
2) Spermatagonia
3) Primary Spermatocytes
4) Secondary Spermatocytes
5) Spermatid
6) Spermatozoa

Question 24

What is capacitacion?

Answer 24

Interaction between sperm and mucosa uterine tube

Removes acrosomal cap and sperm become fertile

Question 25

What layer of the ovum must the sperm pass through to fertilize egg?

Answer 25

Corona radiata

Question 26

What is the last layer of the ovum that the sperm must pass through? (The spermatozoa release an enzyme)

Answer 26

Zona pellucida

Question 27

As sperm heads fuse with oocyte plasma membrane, a calcium wave spreads quickly which is called?

Answer 27

Cortical reaction

Question 28

The oocyte releases cortical granules which make what layer impenetrable and what is the name of this process?

Answer 28

Zona pellucida

Zona reaction