Gallstones and biliary colic

Question 1

Causes

[…] (<10%) Associated with haemolysis, stasis and infection.
[…] (90%) Associated with female sex, increasing age and obesity.
Mixed

Answer 1

Pigment
Cholesterol

Question 2

RFs

Answer 2

‘fair, fat, female and forty’.

Question 3

Complications if in gallbladder

[…] colic
Acute or chronic […]
[…]/mucocoele
[…] syndrome
[…]

Answer 3

Presentation if in gallblader

Biliary colic
Cute or chronic cholecystitis
Empyema/mucocoele
Mirizzi’s syndrome
Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 4

Complications if in Bile ducts

[…] jaundice
[…]
Cholangitis

Answer 4

Complications if in Bile ducts

Obstructive jaundice
Pancreatitis
Cholangitis

Question 5

Complications if in Duodenum

[…] ileus
[…] syndrome (gastric outlet obstruction secondary to impaction of a gallstone in the pylorus or proximal duodenum)

Answer 5

Complications if in Duodenum

Gallstone ileus
Bouveret’s syndrome (gastric outlet obstruction secondary to impaction of a gallstone in the pylorus or proximal duodenum)

Question 6

Features of biliary colic

Colicky […] […] […] pain
Worse after […]
No […]
[…] sign negative

Answer 6

Features of biliary colic

Colicky right upper quadrant pain
Worse after eating
No fever
Murphy’s sign negative

Question 7

How does obstructive jaundice present

Answer 7

jaundice, dark urine and pale stools.

Question 8

Key feature of chronic cholecystitis

Answer 8

Flatulent dyspepsia