Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Name a species of candida

A

Candida albicans

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2
Q

Name a species of aspergillus

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

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3
Q

Name a species of crytococcus

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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4
Q

What type of patients will opportunistic fungal infections infect?

A
  • Those with impaired immune system (Immunodeficiencies, HIV, malignancies, transplants, premature neonates)
  • Those with chronic lung diseases (Asthma, CF, COPD etc)
  • Patients in ICU
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5
Q

List some causes of mucocutaneous candidiasis

A
  • Antibiotic use
  • Moist areas
  • Inhalation steroids
  • Neonates <3 months
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6
Q

How is aspergillus transmitted?

A
  • Sporulation

- Airborne/inhalation

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7
Q

How is cryptococcus transmitted?

A

-Inhalation

Found on bark of a variety of trees, bird faeces and organic matter

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8
Q

How do amphotericin B formulations have their mechanism of action?

A

Act on ergosterol, cause lysis

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9
Q

How do azole antifungals have their mechanism of action?

A

Inhibit ergosterol synthesis

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10
Q

How do echinocandin antifungals have their mechanism of action?

A

Inhibiting glucan synthesis

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11
Q

How do flucytosine

antifungals have their mechanism of action?

A

Inhibiting fungal DNA synthesis

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12
Q

What class of antifungals are used for broadest antifungal activity?

A

Amphotericin B

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13
Q

What antifungals may be used for antifungal prophylaxis?

A

Itraconazole and posaconazole

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