Fungal Infections Flashcards
Name a species of candida
Candida albicans
Name a species of aspergillus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Name a species of crytococcus
Cryptococcus neoformans
What type of patients will opportunistic fungal infections infect?
- Those with impaired immune system (Immunodeficiencies, HIV, malignancies, transplants, premature neonates)
- Those with chronic lung diseases (Asthma, CF, COPD etc)
- Patients in ICU
List some causes of mucocutaneous candidiasis
- Antibiotic use
- Moist areas
- Inhalation steroids
- Neonates <3 months
How is aspergillus transmitted?
- Sporulation
- Airborne/inhalation
How is cryptococcus transmitted?
-Inhalation
Found on bark of a variety of trees, bird faeces and organic matter
How do amphotericin B formulations have their mechanism of action?
Act on ergosterol, cause lysis
How do azole antifungals have their mechanism of action?
Inhibit ergosterol synthesis
How do echinocandin antifungals have their mechanism of action?
Inhibiting glucan synthesis
How do flucytosine
antifungals have their mechanism of action?
Inhibiting fungal DNA synthesis
What class of antifungals are used for broadest antifungal activity?
Amphotericin B
What antifungals may be used for antifungal prophylaxis?
Itraconazole and posaconazole