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Ortho Lab > FRIDAY LAB - WEEK 7 > Flashcards

FRIDAY LAB - WEEK 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Hip and Pelvis Soft Tissue Palpation

A

Femoral Triangle Borders

  • inguinal ligament
  • adductor longus
  • sartorius

Quadriceps Muscles

  • vastus lateralis
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedius

cluneal nerves

*(flip)

greater trochanteric bursa

gluteus medius
gluteus maximus

sciatic nerve

Hamstrings

  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
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2
Q

Hip and Pelvis Bony Palpation

A 
Anterior:
ASIS
iliac crest
iliac tubercle
greater trochanter

Posterior:
PSIS
ischial tuberosity
coccyx

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3
Q

Leg Length Discrepancy

A

a. ( + ) different measurements in true leg length

a. ( i ) bony abnormality above or below the level of trochanter difference (anatomical short leg)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) different measurement in apparent leg length

b. ( i ) pelvic obliquity (tilted pelvis)

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4
Q

Allis Sign

Galeazzi Sign, Pediatric Test

A

a. ( + ) Difference in knee height with one low knee
a. ( i ) Ipsilateral congenital hip dislocation or tibial discrepancy (anatomical short leg)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) Difference in knee anteriority with an anterior knee
b. ( i ) Ipsilateral congenital hip dislocation or femoral discrepancy (contralateral anatomical short leg)

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5
Q

Thomas Test

A

( + ) Lumbar spine maintains lordosis and hip or leg flexes

( i ) Contracture of the hip flexors, iliopsoas

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6
Q

Anvil Test

A

( + ) Localized pain in long bone or hip joint

( i ) Possible fracture of long bones, or hip joint pathology

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7
Q

Patrick Test

FABERE Sign

A

( + ) Pain in the hip region

( i ) Hip joint pathology

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8
Q

Laguerre

A

a. ( + ) Pain in the hip joint
a. ( i ) Hip joint pathology
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) Pain in the sacroiliac joint
b. ( i ) Mechanical problem of the sacroiliac joint

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9
Q

Gaenslen Test

A

( + ) Pain on the affected sacroiliac joint when stressed into extension
( i ) General sacroiliac joint lesion, anterior sacroiliac ligament sprain, or inflammation of the sacroiliac joint

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10
Q

Lewin-Gaenslen Test

A

( + ) Pain on the affected sacroiliac joint when stressed into extension
( i ) General sacroiliac joint lesion, anterior sacroiliac ligament sprain, or inflammation of the sacroiliac joint

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11
Q

Hibb Test

A

a. ( + ) Pain in the hip region
a. ( i ) Hip joint pathology
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) Pain in the buttock/pelvic region
b. ( i ) Sacroiliac joint lesion

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12
Q

Ober Test

A

( + ) Affected thigh remains in ABduction
( i ) Contraction of the iliotibial band, secondary to synovitis of the hip. or, contraction of the tensor fascia lata, secondary to trauma of the gluteus medius and maximus.

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13
Q

Nerve Root C5

A

Disc Level
- C4

Muscle Tests (2)

  • shoulder ABduction: deltoid (axillary nerve)
  • forearm flexion: biceps (musculocutaneous)

Reflex
- biceps

Sensation
- lateral arm

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14
Q

Nerve Root C6

A

Disc Level
- C5

Muscle Test
- wrist extension: carpi radialis longus and brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris (radial nerve)

Reflex
- brachioradialis

Sensation
- anterior lateral forearm, palm, thumb and 2nd digit

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15
Q

Nerve Root C7

A

Disc Level
- C6

Muscle Tests (3)

  • elbow extension: triceps (radial)
  • wrist flexion: flexor carpi radialis (median) and flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar)
  • finger extension: extensor digitorum communis, extensor indicis profundus and extensor digiti minimi (all radial)

Reflex
- triceps

Sensation
- 3rd digit and middle of palm

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16
Q

Nerve Root C8

A

Disc Level
- C7

Muscle Test
- finger flexion: flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, lumbricals (all median and ulnar)

Reflex
- none

Sensation
- 4th and 5th digits, anteromedial forearm and hand

17
Q

Nerve Root T1

A

Disc Level
- T1

Muscle Tests (2)

  • finger ABduction: dorsal interossei (ulnar)
  • finger adduction: palmar interossei (ulnar)

Reflex
- none

Sensation
- anteromedial arm

18
Q

Nerve Root L4

A

Disc Level
- L3

Muscle Test
-foot dorsiflexion and inversion: tibialis anterior (deep peroneal/fibular)

Reflex
- patellar tendon

Sensation
- medial aspect of leg, medial foot, medial aspect of big toe

19
Q

Nerve Root L5

A

Disc Level
- L4

Muscle Tests (4)

  • foot dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior, peroneous tertious, extensor digitorum longus and brevis, extensor hallicus longus (deep peroneal/fibular)
  • big toe dorsiflexion: extensor hallicus longus (deep fibular/peroneal)
  • toes 2, 3, 4 dorsiflexion: extensor digitorum longus and brevis (deep peroneal/fibular)
  • hip and pelvis ABduction: gluteus medius and minimus (superior gluteal nerve)

Reflex
- none

Sensation
- lateral leg, dorsum of foot, and middle three toes

20
Q

Nerve Root S1

A

Disc Level
- L5

Muscle Tests (3)

  • foot plantarflexion and eversion: fibular/peroneous longus and brevis (superficial peroneal/fibular)
  • foot plantar flexion: gastrocnemius and soleus (tibial)
  • hip extension: gluteus maximus (inferior gluteal nerve)

Reflex
- Achilles

Sensation
- posterior aspect of the leg, lateral aspect of foot, and lateral aspect of little toe

21
Q

Nerve Root S2

A

Disc Level
- S1

Sensation
- Posterior aspect of thigh over popliteal fossa onto posteromedial calf

22
Q

Lumbar Spine Soft Palpation

A 
anterior abdominal muscles
paraspinal muscles
- iliocostalis
- longissimus
- spinalis

sciatic nerve

gluteus medius
gluteus maximus

hamstrings

  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
23
Q

Lumbar Spine Bony Palpation

A

iliac crests
lumbar spinous processes

psis
scaral tubercles

24
Q

Straight Leg Raiser (SLR)

A

( + ) radiating pain and/or dull posterior thigh pain
( i ) sciatic radiculopathy or tight hamstrings
- positive between 35 and 70 = possible discovenic sciatic radiculopathy
- positive over 70 = tight hamstrings

25
Q

Bragard Test

A

( + ) radiating pain in posterior thigh

( i ) sciatic radiculopathy

26
Q

Buckling Sign (Cipriano)

A

( + ) pain in posterior thigh with sudden knee flexion or buckle
( i ) sciatic radiculopathy

27
Q

Lasegue Test

A

( + ) reproduction of pain before 60 degrees

( i ) sciatica

28
Q

Milgram Test

A

( + ) inability to perform test and/or low back pain

( i ) weak abdominal muscles or space occupying lesion

29
Q

Hoover Sign

A

( + ) lack of counter pressure on the healthy side
( i ) lack of organic basis for paralysis (malingering/hysteria)
- with organic hemipalegia, patient will still exert downward pressure when attempting to raise the paralyzed leg

30
Q

Goldthwait Sign

A

( + ) localized pain, low back pain or pain radiating down the leg
( i ) lumbosacral or sacroiliac pathology
- pain occurying after lumbar spinouses move = possible lumbosacral problem
- pain occurring after lumbar spinouses move = possible sacroiliac problem

31
Q

Bowstring Sign

A

( + ) pain in lumbar region or radiculopathy

( i ) sciatic nerve root compression, this rules out tight hamstrings

32
Q

Valsalva Maneuver

A

( + ) radiating pain from the site of lesion, usually recreating the complaint in cervical or lumbar spine
( i ) space occupying lesion, possible disc pathology

33
Q

Bechterew

A

( + ) reproduction of radicular pain or inability to perform correctly due to tripod sign
( i ) sciatic radiculopathy

34
Q

Neri Bowing Test

A

( + ) pain accompanied by flexion of the knee on the affected side with possible body rotation away from affected side
( i ) positive for a variety of low back pathologies. Hamstring tension on the pelvis may trigger a response

35
Q

Lewin Standing Test

A

( + ) radiating pain down the leg causing sudden flexion of the knee or knees
( i ) gluteal, lumbosacral or sacroiliac pathologies

36
Q

Heel Walk

A

( + ) inability to perform test

i ) L4-L5 disc lesion (L5 nerve root

37
Q

Toe Walk

A

( + ) inability to perform test

i ) L5-S1 disc lesion (S1 nerve root

38
Q

Anterior Inominate

Mazion’s Pelvic Maneuver/Advancement Sign

A

a. ( + ) radiating pain along sciatic nerve, either unilateral or bilateral
a. ( i ) sciatic neuralgia or radiculopathy
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) low back pain (lumbar or pelvic region)
b. ( i ) anterior (rotational) displacement of ilium relative to the sacrum

39
Q

Ely Heel to Buttock Test

A

a. ( + ) inability to raise the thigh
a. ( i ) iliopsoas spasm
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
b. ( + ) pain in anterior thigh
b. ( i ) inflammation of lumbar nerve roots
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
c. ( + ) pain in lumbar region
c. ( i ) lumbar nerve rood adhesions

Ortho Lab (12 decks)

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