Forces Flashcards
What is a vector?
requires both magnitude and direction
What is a scalar?
requires only magnitude
Describe what a contact-force is? Give me 2 examples
A force which acts on an object coming physically in contact. E.g. push or pull force
Describe what a non-contact force is? Give 2 examples
A force which acts on an object without coming physically in contact with it. e.g. gravity, magnetic
Name some examples which contain scalar quantities
- speed
- time
- temperature
- distance
- density
- energy
Name some examples which contain vector quantities
- velocity
- acceleration
- displacement
- forces
- magnetic induction
What is the resultant force?
the overall force acting on an object
How can we work out what the resultant force is?
- Opposite forces cancel each other out
- what’s left is the resultant force
What is the term used to describe when all the forces are balanced?
at equilibrium
Name 3 things that springs can do
compress
stretch
bend
Describe the term elastic deformation
when all forces are removed from the object, but it goes back to its original shape
Describe the term inelastic deformation
when all forces are removed from the object, but the object doesn’t return to its original shape, they have met the limit of proportionality
What is the extension of the spring?
increase in length of a spring when it’s stretched
What happens to the spring when more mass is added to it?
- higher spring constant - stiffer material
- as force increases, extension increases
State Hooke’s Law
force and extension are directly proportional
What do we mean when we say the spring has a low or high spring constant?
Lower spring constant - easier to stretch
Higher spring constant - harder to stretch
Describe the term moment
the rotational or turning effect of a force
What happens to the output force and the input force if they are each on different sides of the pivot to one another?
they act in different directions
What happens to the output and input force when they are both on the same side of the pivot?
they act in the same direction
What is pressure?
force per unit of area
What is a perpendicular force?
component of the force which is at right angles to the surface its colliding with
Describe the pressure in liquids
-pressure due to the weight increases as blocks submerges further into the water
- the denser the liquid, the larger the mass per volume, meaning a larger weight
