Fluids, acids, & electrolytes part II Flashcards
What organ serves as a buffer system for acids?
o The kidneys
What occurs in older adults that compromises their ability to balance their acid-base levels?
o The kidneys are less able to compensate for an acid load
o Decreased respiratory function, leading to impaired compensation for acid-base imbalances
o tissue hypoxia may cause acid-base imbalance
normal pH range
7.35-7.45
how is blood measured?
o By the arterial blood gas (ABG)
• What three mechanisms does the body use to regulate acid-base balance?
Buffer system, respiratory system, and the renal system
this mechanisms for acid-base regulation reacts immediately
buffer system
this mechanisms for acid-base regulation reacts in minutes to hours
respiratory
this mechanisms for acid-base regulation response takes 2-3 days
the kidneys
bicarbonate buffer
buffer blood and interstitial fluid
what two systems in the body compensate in the bicarbonate buffer mechanism?
- Kidneys assist by regulating bicarbonate production
- Lungs assist by regulating carbonic acid production
phosphate buffer
React with acids or
bases to form
compounds that
alter pH level
What are phosphate buffers most effective?
in the renal tubules where there is a higher concentration of phoshates
What is the most abundant buffer found in the body?
protein buffers
Do protein buffers work inside, outside, or both in cells?
both
What do protein buffers bind to?
acids and bases to neutralize them
