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1
Q

What are the Minimum Program Requirements (MPR) for a LEED project?

A
  1. Must be in a permanent location on existing land.
  2. Must use a reasonable site boundary.
  3. Must comply with the project size requirements.
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2
Q

What is ASHRAE 62.1 related to?

A

ASHRAE 62.1 is related to ventilation, controlling air contaminant levels, humidity, and temperature within a space.

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3
Q

What is ASHRAE 55 related to?

A

ASHRAE 55 is related to the comfort criteria of specific design conditions that take into account temperature, humidity, air speed, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, seasonal clothing, and expected activity. These all relates to occupant thermal comfort.

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4
Q

What is ASHRAE 90.1 related to?

A

ASHRAE 90.1 relates to HVAC systems. HVAC systems are defined as: equipment, distribution systems, and terminals that provide the processes of heating, ventilating, or air conditioning.

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5
Q

What does ASHRAE stand for?

A

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

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6
Q

What ASHRAE standards would be used for the Energy and Atmosphere category?

A

ASHRAE 90.1

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7
Q

What ASHRAE standards would be used for the Indoor
Environmental Quality category?

A

ASHRAE 62.1 is related to ventilation and ASHRAE 55 is related to the thermal comfort criteria of occupants

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8
Q

What standard addresses the thermal comfort of building occupants?

A

ASHRAE 55

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9
Q

What LEED category would SMACNA standards be used for?

A

Indoor Environmental
Quality (IEQ)

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10
Q

What LEED category would the Green-e standard be used for?

A

Energy and Atmosphere
(EA)

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11
Q

What LEED categories contain standards related to VOC emissions?

A

Materials & Resources (MR)
and Indoor Environmental
Quality (IEQ)

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12
Q

What is a MERV rating?

A

Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV). MERV ratings are used to rate the ability of an air conditioning filter to remove dust from the air as it passes through the filter. MERV ratings range from 1 (least efficient) - 16 (most efficient)

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13
Q

What is the EPAct of 1992?

A

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct 1992) covers many products and services related to energy. It also sets standards for toilets and other water fixtures in both commercial and residential models.

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14
Q

What is ISO 14021?

A

The ISO 14021 series standards, Environmental Labels and Declaration, are communication tools that convey information on environmental aspects of a product or service to the market. This standard is used for recycled materials to label their pre and/or post-consumer content.

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15
Q

What is IESNA?

A

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. Publisher of lighting design and illumination standards.

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16
Q

What is Green-e?

A

Green-e is a program established to promote green electricity products and
provide consumers with a nationally recognized method to identify those products.

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17
Q

What does an ENERGY STAR rating refer to?

A

The ENERGY STAR rating is a measure of a building’s energy performance compared with that of similar buildings, as determined by ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager. A score of 50 represents average building performance.

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18
Q

What does Certification by FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL mean?

A

Certification means forest managers have adopted environmentally and socially responsible forest management
practices. And certification allows companies to manufacture and sell products made from sustainable wood.

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19
Q

What is Chain-of-Custody (CoC) Certification?

A

Chain of Custody refers to chronological
documentation or paper trail. CoC is important in LEED when dealing with certified wood. Companies that process, manufacture, and/or sell products made of certified wood can earn CoC certification by having an audit done of their documentation. This certification shows the FSC that the name and logo are being used correctly.

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20
Q

What are CREDIT INTERPRETATION RULINGS (CIR)?

A

They are designed for technical and administrative guidance for MPR, Prerequisites, and Credits. They may be submitted any time after the project is registered and must be completed using LEED Online. Do not write as a letter. Include only the inquiry and essential information. CIRs can contain maximum 600 words. The CIR may NOT include attachments, cut-sheets, plans or drawings.

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21
Q

CIRs can be used for what purpose(s)?

A

CIRs are use to ask one clear and concise question for technical and administrative guidance on MPRs,
Prerequisites, or Credits.

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22
Q

For multiple building developments who determines the LEED PROJECT BOUNDARY?

A

The project team.

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23
Q

What is LEED Online?

A

LEED online is the primary resource for managing the LEED documentation process.

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24
Q

What are some of the features of LEED Online?

A

Through LEED Online, project teams can manage project details, complete documentation requirements for LEED credits and prerequisites, upload supporting files, submit applications for review, receive reviewer feedback, and ultimately earn LEED certification

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25
Q

What is the purpose of a LEED SCORECARD?

A

The LEED Scorecard is to assist in determining the Total Project Score and achievable Credits at the inception of a LEED Project.

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26
Q

Where can the LEED Score Card be found?

A

USGBC’s website

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27
Q

What are the LEED Reference Guides used for?

A

A user’s manual that guides a LEED project from registration to certification of the design and construction of a project.

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28
Q

What do the LEED Reference Guides contain?

A

Strategies, case studies, and documentation requirements for each credit and prerequisite in a rating
system.

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29
Q

Who can access LEED Online?

A

Anyone assigned to a project by the project administrator

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30
Q

What general documentation must be submitted for LEED certification?

A

Project narrative
1) Project photos/drawings
2) Typical floor plans
3) Elevations

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31
Q

What organization is
responsible for LEED project
registration?

A

GBCI

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32
Q

What is a LEED intent?

A

Identifies the main sustainability goal or
benefit of the prerequisite or credit.
(USGBC)

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33
Q

What does a PREREQUISITE represent?

A

A prerequisite represents the key criteria that define green building performance. They must be completed for a project to earn certification.

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34
Q

Why do projects need to meet prerequisites?

A

Prerequisites represent the key criteria that define green building performance.

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35
Q

How many CERTIFICATION LEVELS are available to a LEED project?

A

4

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36
Q

What are the different certification levels LEED projects can earn?

A

-Certified
-Silver
-Gold
-Platinum

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37
Q

How are CIRs submitted?

A

Credit interpretation requests must be submitted through LEED Online.

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38
Q

What are the amount of points a credit can earn (credit weighting) based on?

A

How well the credit address environmental and health concerns.

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39
Q

What is environmental sustainability?

A

Long-term maintenance of ecosystem components and functions for future generations. (EPA)

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40
Q

What is considered a construction HARD COST?

A

Construction hard cost are considered to be CSI MasterFormat 2004 Edition Divisions 03-10, 31 (Section 31.60.00 Foundations) and 32 (Sections 32.10.00 Paving, 32.30.00 Site Improvements, and 32.90.00 Planting

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41
Q

What is a construction hard cost?

A

By far the largest portion of the expenses in a construction budget, the hard costs are
mostly comprised of the actual construction costs incurred to build the project. Examples of hard costs include masonry, wood, steel, carpet, tile, mechanical systems, roofing.

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42
Q

What are some examples of construction hard costs?

A

Cement, steel, drywall, wood, land

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43
Q

What are CONSTRUCTION SOFT COSTS?

A

Soft costs are expense items that are not considered direct construction costs such as legal fees and building permitting.

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44
Q

What is meant by LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT?

A

A Life-Cycle assessment is an analysis of the environment aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service.

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45
Q

What are some examples of construction SOFT COSTS?

A

Examples include architectural, engineering, financing, and legal fees.

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46
Q

What factors dictate how much a projects CERTIFICATION fees will cost?

A

The rating system in which the project is registered under, the size of the project in square feet, and the date in which the project was registered.

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47
Q

LEED promotes what type of approach to sustainability?

A

A whole building approach

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48
Q

What has USGBC adapted to establish metrics and rating systems to measure building performance?

A

Triple bottom line

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49
Q

When can a LEED project be eligible to display the LEED plaque and other marketing material?

A

LEED projects are eligible following the acceptance of a final certification review.

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50
Q

What does each category in the LEED rating system consist of?

A

Prerequisites and credits

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51
Q

What are names of the LEED Rating Systems?

A

-Building Design and Construction (BD+C)
-Interior Design and Construction (ID+C)
-Operations and Maintenance (O+M)
-Neighborhood Development (ND)
-Homes

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52
Q

What is LEED?

A

An internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at
improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction,
improved indoor environmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to
their impacts. (USGBC)

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53
Q

What does LEED stand for?

A

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System

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54
Q

What parts of the LEED rating system are optional?

A

Credits are optional, prerequisites are required

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55
Q

How is LEED developed?

A

LEED Rating Systems are developed through an open, consensus-based process led by LEED volunteer committees.

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56
Q

What is the total number of points available a LEED project can earn?

A

110 possible points

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57
Q

What are the different point/certification levels for LEED certification?

A

-Certified, 40-49 points
-Silver, 50-59 points
-Gold, 60-79 points
-Platinum, 80+ points

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58
Q

What is SMACNA used for?

A

Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractor’s National Association (SMACNA) guidelines play a key role in construction activity pollution prevention. The standard provides an overview of air pollutants associated with construction, control measures, construction process management, quality control, among other things.

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59
Q

What is Green Seal used for?

A

Green Seal is an independent nonprofit organization that indentifies and promotes products that are environmentally preferable. Several of its standards measure VOC limits in products.

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60
Q

What type of products are related to the Green Seal standard?

A

Paints and primers

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61
Q

What LEED credit category has credits that reference the Green Seal standard?

A

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

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62
Q

What are LEED credit templates?

A

The documentation forms used to prove the requirements of a prerequisite or credit have been met. These will be filled out in LEED Online.

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63
Q

What is a PRELIMINARY RATING?

A

The target score the project team will attempt to achieve. The final score, based on the number of points awarded, may be more or less than the preliminary rating.

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64
Q

Can a project earn MULTIPLE CERTIFICATIONS?

A

Yes. Projects can earn more than one LEED certification depending on the Rating Systems.

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65
Q

What are some ways the TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE is referred to?

A
  1. Ecology, environment, economics
  2. People, profit, planet
  3. Economics, ecology, social equity
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66
Q

What is the triple bottom line?

A

A change from being primarily financially driven to considering economics, environment, and social responsibility

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67
Q

What is a LEED CREDIT?

A

Part of the LEED Rating System. Projects earn points by meeting the requirements of credits in order to achieve building certification.

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68
Q

What CREDIT CATEGORIES are shared among most LEED rating systems?

A

Location and Transportation, Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy and Atmosphere, Materials and Resources, Indoor Environmental Quality, Innovation

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69
Q

What is a GREEN SCORE?

A

A green score measures the ‘greenness’ of an automobile.

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70
Q

What is the highest LEED CERTIFICATION LEVEL?

A

Platinum

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71
Q

What is a LEED category?

A

A subset of the LEED Rating System. Each
rating system has several green building categories.

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72
Q

What is a CIR?

A

A CIR is a credit interpretation ruling and is a process for project applicants seeking technical and administrative guidance on how LEED credits apply to their projects and vice versa.

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73
Q

What is USGBC?

A

A non-profit trade organization that promotes sustainability in how buildings are designed, built, and operated

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74
Q

What does SUSTAINABILITY mean?

A

Sustainability is meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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75
Q

Who develops LEED?

A

Volunteer committees

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76
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C be used for?

A

New construction and major renovations.

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77
Q

What types of projects would LEED ID+C be used for?

A

Interior fit-outs.

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78
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Core &
Shell be used for?

A

For designers, builders, developers and new building owners who want to address sustainable design for new core and shell construction. Covers base building elements such as structure, envelope and the HVAC system.

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79
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Homes be used for?

A

High-performance green homes.

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80
Q

What types of projects would LEED O+M be used for?

A

Existing buildings that are undergoing improvement work or little to no construction.

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81
Q

What types of projects would LEED for Neighborhood Development be used for?

A

New land development projects or redevelopment
projects containing residential uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix.

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82
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Schools be used for?

A

The design and construction of K-12 schools. Based on the LEED for New Construction rating system, it addresses issues such as classroom acoustics, master
planning, mold prevention and environmental site assessment.

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83
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Retail be used for?

A

The different types of spaces that retailers need for their distinctive product lines.

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84
Q

What types of projects would LEED BD+C: Healthcare be used for?

A

Sustainable planning, design and construction for high-performance healthcare facilities.

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85
Q

True or False: Can a product earn LEED certification?

A

FALSE

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86
Q

What LEED category can earn points for low-emitting materials?

A

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

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87
Q

What is life cycle costing?

A

Evaluates a product’s economic performance

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88
Q

What is life cycle assessment?

A

The investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or service caused or necessitated by its existence.

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89
Q

When should life cycle assessment be used?

A

When considering the products long term environmental impact over the products lifetime.

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90
Q

Why should you use life cycle costing?

A

When there exists project alternatives that fulfill the same performance requirements, but differ with respect to initial costs and operating costs. The comparison can help maximize net savings.

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91
Q

True or False: LEED projects are more expensive than traditional projects

A

FALSE Generally this is false, but sometimes they cost more or less depending on the situation. This point is often argued among the building community.

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92
Q

True or False: Using an integrative process takes longer than traditional projects

A

FALSE

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93
Q

What is value engineering?

A

Analysis of the requirements of a project for the purpose of achieving the essential functions at
the lowest total costs

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94
Q

What is pervious pavement used for?

A

Pervious pavement is used to reduce runoff by allowing runoff to filter through the pervious material.

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95
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE?

A

It is a measure of the ability of a surface material to reflect sunlight in forms of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths, which is measured on a scale of 0 to 1. Black paint has an albedo of 0 and white paint has an albedo of 1.

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96
Q

What is HEAT ISLAND effect?

A

The heat island effect is a situation where the absorption of heat by hardscapes, buildings and dark
materials then radiates to surrounding areas. The term
describes the event where radiant air and surface temperatures in urban areas are higher than rural or suburban areas nearby.

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97
Q

What can cause the heat island effect?

A
  • Dark surfaces that absorb heat (black roofs, asphalt)
  • vehicle exhaust
  • air-conditioners
  • reduced air flow from tall buildings and narrow streets
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98
Q

What is SOLAR REFLECTANCE INDEX (SRI)?

A

A measure of the constructed surface’s ability to stay cool in the sun by reflecting solar radiation and emitting thermal radiation. It is defined such that a standard black surface (initial solar reflectance 0.05, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 0, and a standard white surface (initial solar reflectance 0.80, initial thermal emittance 0.90) has an initial SRI of 100.

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99
Q

What are the benefits of reducing heat islands?

A

Reducing heat islands reduces air temperatures which
would reduce the need to cool that air in buildings. Thus energy consumption is lowered.

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100
Q

What are some types of DIVERSE USES?

A

Bank, Place of Worship, Convenience, Grocery, Day Care Center, Cleaners, Fire Station, Beauty Salon, Hardware, Laundry, Library, Medical or Dental Office, Senior Care Facility, Park, Pharmacy, Post Office, Restaurant, School, Supermarket, Theater,

Community

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101
Q

What are some ways to reduce automobile parking?

A

Select a site near mass transit
Promote carpooling
Install less parking
Install bicycle racks

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102
Q

What is a BROWNFIELD?

A

Real property whose use may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.

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103
Q

What do reflective materials help with?

A

Reducing the heat island effect.

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104
Q

What are ways to reduce single passenger vehicles traveling to a project site?

A

Locate the site near mass transit, promote carpooling, reduce parking spaces, install bicycle racks

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105
Q

What does PREFERRED PARKING refer to?

A

Preferred parking refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped persons) or parking passes provided at a discounted price.

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106
Q

What term defines paving systems that are open and allow moisture to soak into the ground below?

A

Pervious. There are many types of pervious paving systems.

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107
Q

What minimum Green Score is required by LEED for a vehicle to qualify as a green vehicle?

A

A minimum Green Score of 45 is required on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide.

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108
Q

What do IMPERVIOUS surfaces promote?

A

It promotes water runoff instead of infiltration into the subsurface. This term is mostly used when
discussing hardscape surfaces.

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109
Q

By what amount can HEAT ISLANDS elevate temperatures in urban area?

A

10 degrees F or more

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110
Q

Heat islands impact what LEED category(s)?

A

Sustainable Sites (SS) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Heat islands increase temperatures resulting in the need for more air conditioning (and more energy to cool the air).

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111
Q

What STRATEGIES are employed to reduce the HEAT-ISLANDS?

A

Strategies include using materials with higher solar reflectance properties in the site design, provide shaded areas, and reduce hardscape surfaces and installing vegetated roofs.

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112
Q

What generally defines OPEN SPACE area?

A

Local zoning requirements

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113
Q

What does the BUILDING FOOTPRINT consists of?

A

The area on a project site used by the building structure and defined by the perimeter of the building plan.

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114
Q

What is light pollution?

A

Waste light from building sites that produces glare, is directed upward to the sky, or is directed off the site. Waste light does not increase nighttime safety, utility, or security and needlessly consumes energy

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115
Q

What is a benefit of locating a project near mass transit?

A

Reduced automobile use which reduces automobile emissions.

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116
Q

What is a GREENFIELD site?

A

A site not previously developed or graded that could support open space, habitat, or agriculture

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117
Q

What are examples of IMPERVIOUS surfaces?

A

Parking lots, roads, sidewalks, and plazas

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118
Q

How is development density calculated?

A

By drawing a radius from the project building

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119
Q

What is the purpose of locating a project in an area with DIVERSE USES?

A

Locating near diverse uses promotes walking which helps to limit urban sprawl and reduces automobile use.

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120
Q

What is a DIVERSE USE?

A

A distinct, officially recognized business, nonprofit, civic, religious, or governmental organization, or dwelling units (residential use) or offices (commercial office use). It has a stationary postal address and is publicly available. It does not include automated facilities such as ATMs, vending machines, and touchscreens

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121
Q

How are diverse uses identified for a project?

A

By walking distance from the project site.

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122
Q

What helps reduce the heat island effect?

A

Light colored paving materials
Green roofs
Cool roofs
Shading
Underground parking

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123
Q

What is PEDESTRIAN ACCESS?

A

Pedestrian access allows pedestrians to walk between areas without interference from walls, highways or other barriers.

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124
Q

What is a PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED site?

A

A site that was previously built on, has been graded, or contained a parking lot, roadway, or other structure.

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125
Q

What is the DEVELOPMENT FOOTPRINT?

A

The development footprint includes all areas of a site affected by the development or project site activity. Include
hardscapes, parking lots, access roads, non-building facilities and the building itself.

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126
Q

What is an ALTERNATIVE fuel vehicle?

A

An alternative fueled vehicle uses low-polluting, nongasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, propane, compressed natural gas, liquid natural gas, methanol, and ethanol

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127
Q

What are some examples of mass transit?

A

Busses
Ferries
Rail lines
Shuttles

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128
Q

What is OPEN SPACE?

A

Open space is undeveloped land, but it differs from greenfield sites since open space could have been developed in the past and restored to an undeveloped state.

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129
Q

What is a FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT (FTE)?

A

Is a regular building occupant who spends 40 hours per week in the project building. Part-time or overtime occupants have FTE values based on their hours per week divided by 40. Multiple shifts are included or excluded depending on the intent and requirements of the credit.

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130
Q

How can potable water use be reduced for irrigation?

A
  • Use graywater or rainwater for watering
  • Use drip irrigation
  • Install native and adaptive plants
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131
Q

What two measurements are used to calculate a percent reduction in water use?

A

A baseline design case and an installed design case

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132
Q

What are transient occupants?

A

Building visitors and other part-time or occasional occupants, such as students, volunteers, visitors, etc.

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133
Q

What variables are used in determining FTE calculations?

A

The type of building occupant (full-time, part-time, transient) and the hours worked per week.

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134
Q

What does runoff contribute to?

A

Soil erosion and sedimentation of local waterways

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135
Q

HARVESTED RAINWATER can be substituted for what types of potable water use?

A

Landscape irrigation, fire suppression, toilet and urinal flushing, and custodial uses.

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136
Q

What does a VEGETATED roof consist of?

A

Vegetation, growing medium, filter fabric, drainage, and a waterproof membrane.

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137
Q

What does GPF stand for?

A

Gallons per Flush. The unit of measurement for flush fixtures (urinals, water closets)

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138
Q

What is a bioswale?

A

Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap.

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139
Q

What does GPM stand for?

A

Gallons per Minute. The unit of measurement for flow fixtures (faucets, showers)

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140
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

When runoff deposits sediment into water ways, leading to a decline in water quality by blocking sunlight.

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141
Q

What is graywater?

A

Domestic wastewater composed of wash water from kitchen, bathroom, and laundry sinks, tubs, and washers. (EPA)

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142
Q

What codes define GRAYWATER?

A

Local and state authorities along with the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) in its Appendix G, Gray Water Systems for Single-Family Dwellings & The International Plumbing Code (IPC) Appendix C, Gray Water Recycling Systems.

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143
Q

Irrigation impacts what LEED categories?

A

Water Efficiency (WE) and Energy and Atmosphere (EA)

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144
Q

What is BLACKWATER?

A

Blackwater is wastewater from toilets and urinals. Wastewater from kitchen sinks (perhaps differentiated by the use of a garbage disposal), showers, or bathtubs is considered blackwater under some state or local codes.

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145
Q

What is XERISCAPING?

A

Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary. It uses drought-adaptive and low-water plants as well as soil amendments such as compost and mulches to reduce evaporation.

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146
Q

Water saving fixtures can reduce water use in a project by what amount?

A

30% (USGBC)

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147
Q

What is DRIP IRRIGATION?

A

Drip irrigation delivers water at low pressure through buried mains and sub mains. Water is distributed to the soil through a network of perforated tubes or emitters. Drip irrigation is much more efficient than traditional sprinkler systems.

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148
Q

What are NOXIOUS weeds?

A

They are an invasive species of plants that inhibit the cultivation and growth of local native or adaptive plants.

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149
Q

What are NATIVE or INDIGENOUS plants?

A

They are adapted to a given area during a defined time period and are not invasive. In North America, the term often refers to plants growing in a region prior to the time of settlement by people of European descent.

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150
Q

What are considered
INVASIVE plants?

A

They are nonnative to the ecosystem and likely to cause harm once introduced. These species are characteristically adaptable and aggressive, have a high reproductive capacity, and tend to overrun the ecosystems they enter. Collectively, they are among the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

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151
Q

What is the definition of POTABLE WATER?

A

Potable water meets or exceeds EPA’s drinking water quality standards and is approved for human consumption by the state or local authorities having jurisdiction; it may be supplied from wells or municipal water systems.

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152
Q

What are some uses of NONPOTABLE water?

A

Landscape irrigation, toilet and urinal flushing, custodial purposes, and building systems.

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153
Q

What are some of the benefits of VEGETATED ROOFS?

A

They reduce the heat island effect, retain runoff, insulating benefits, aesthetically pleasing, have longer life and less maintenance than conventional roofs.

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154
Q

What would you use the EPAct of 1992 for?

A

Measuring the baseline case water use for the Water Efficiency credits.

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155
Q

What are some examples of GRAYWATER?

A

Water from bathtubs, showers, bathroom wash basins, water from clothes-washer and laundry tubs. Some cases allow for kitchen sinks depending on state and local authorities.

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156
Q

Reductions in potable water consumption from water efficient landscaping are attributed to what techniques?

A

Choosing the correct plant species, density and microclimate factors, Irrigation efficiency, use of captured rainwater, use of recycled wastewater, use of water treated and conveyed by a public agency specifically for nonpotable uses or absolutely no potable water use.

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157
Q

What are some ways to capture rainwater to prevent runoff?

A

Rain gardens
Green roofs
Retention pond
Bioretention pond

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158
Q

What factors are used to establish a baseline water demand when calculating for water efficiency in commercial or residential applications?

A

Calculations are based on estimated occupancy usage and must include only the following fixtures and fixture fittings (as applicable to the project scope): water closets, urinals, lavatory faucets, showers, kitchen sink faucets and pre-rinse spray valves.

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159
Q

In LEED Water Efficiency addresses what environmental concerns for building use and disposal?

A

Monitoring water consumption performance, reduction in indoor potable water consumption, reduction in
water consumption to save energy and improve environmental well-being, and practice water-efficient landscaping.

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160
Q

PROCESS WATER is used for what purpose?

A

Process water is used for industrial processes such as cooling towers, boilers, and chillers. The term can also refer to water used in operational processes, such as dishwashing, clothes washing, and ice making.

161
Q

What is an AQUIFER?

A

An aquifer is an underground water-bearing rock formation or group of formations that supply groundwater, wells, or springs.

162
Q

Low-flow fixtures use less water than what standard?

A

EPAct 1992

163
Q

What are some examples of applications that use AUTOMATIC FIXTURE SENSORS?

A

Lavatories, sinks, water closets, and urinals.

164
Q

Wastewater from toilets is what type of water?

A

Blackwater

165
Q

Wastewater from kitchen sinks is what type of water?

A

Blackwater

166
Q

Wastewater from faucets is what type of water?

A

Graywater

167
Q

What is WaterSense?

A

WaterSense is a partnership program sponsored the EPA, helping consumers identify water-efficient products and programs.

168
Q

What type of water is DRINKING WATER?

A

Potable Water

169
Q

What are native plants?

A

Plants that are adapted to local conditions and are easier to grow and maintain. This low-maintenance approach means savings in both time and money. Once established, native plants better withstand variations in local climate such as droughts and freezes.

170
Q

What are adaptive plants?

A

Non-native plants that use less fertilizer, pesticides and water in a given landscape. These plants have adapted to the local climate and are not considered invasive plants or weeds.

171
Q

What is irrigation efficiency?

A

The percentage of water delivered by irrigation equipment that is actually used for irrigation and does not evaporate, blow away, or fall on hardscape. (USGBC). Drip irrigation has an efficiency of 90% while conventional overhead sprinklers have an efficiency of 65%.

172
Q

What is the baseline flow rate of a faucet?

A

2.2 gpm (gallons per minute)

173
Q

What is the baseline flush rate of a urinal?

A

1.0 gpf (gallons per flush)

174
Q

What is the baseline flush rate of a water closet?

A

1.6 gpf (gallons per flush)

175
Q

How much water does a waterless urinal consume?

A

None

176
Q

What type of water is municipally supplied reclaimed/recycled water?

A

Nonpotable water

177
Q

The water use of a faucet is measured using what units?

A

Gallons per Minute (gpm)

178
Q

The water use of a water closet is measured in what units?

A

Gallons per Flush (gpf)

179
Q

What are the benefits of NATIVE PLANTS?

A

Native plants require less water, less maintenance, less fertilizer, and are more pest resistant.

180
Q

What is RECLAIMED WATER?

A

Reclaimed water is water that has been treated for reuse.

181
Q

What tyes of plants does LEED recommended using in landscape design?

A

Native and/or adaptive plants.

182
Q

What is HARVESTED RAINWATER?

A

Harvested rainwater is rainwater that has been collected for uses such as landscaping irrigation, toilet flushing, or other non-potable water uses.

183
Q

What are some types of flow fixtures?

A

Showerhead
Spray valve
Lavatory faucet

184
Q

What are some types of flushing fixtures?

A

Urinal
Water closet (toilet)

185
Q

What is the baseline water demand of a building?

A

The estimated occupant usage of a project’s fixtures and fittings using the flush and flow rates from the EPAct 1992 standard

186
Q

What standard is used to determine the baseline water demand of a building?

A

EPAct 1992

187
Q

What standard defines green power?

A

Green-e

188
Q

What are CFCs?

A

CFC stands for Chlorofluorocarbon. This is a type of hydrocarbon that is used in most types of refrigerants for building applications such as centrifugal chillers, refrigerators, and humidifiers. Most applications were installed prior to ozone concerns

189
Q

What types of systems use CFCs?

A

-Centrifugal chillers
-Refrigerators
-Humidifiers

190
Q

What are alternatives to using refrigeration with CFCs?

A

Natural ventilation
Refrigerants with lower
ODP and GWP
Natural refrigerants

191
Q

What does GWP stand for?

A

Global Warming Potential

192
Q

What is lighting power density?

A

Installed lighting power per unit area

193
Q

What category does lighting power density have the greatest impact on?

A

Energy and Atmosphere (EA). Reducing the lighting power density reduces energy use.

194
Q

What does ODP stand for?

A

Ozone Depletion Potential

195
Q

What is a BASELINE BUILDING PERFORMANCE?

A

ASHRAE 90.1 defines minimum standards of design. A building’s baseline building performance would be the annual energy cost for a building designed to those minimum standards.

196
Q

What is natural ventilation?

A

Natural ventilation uses the natural forces of wind and buoyancy to deliver fresh air into buildings.

197
Q

What is daylighting?

A

The practice of placing windows, or other transparent media, and reflective surfaces so that, during the day, natural light provides effective internal illumination.

198
Q

What standard applies to natural ventilation?

A

ASHRAE 62.1

199
Q

What type of impact do HFCs have on the ozone layer?

A

HFCs have a low impact on the ozone layer but many HFCs have a high Global Warming Potential (GWP)

200
Q

What is free energy?

A

Energy with low/no-cost that comes as a result of building design. Examples include daylighting, natural ventilation, or onsite solar power/wind energy.

201
Q

What is Global Warming Potential as it relates to refrigerants?

A

A measurement of how much
effect the given refrigerant will
have on global warming in
relation to carbon dioxide, where
CO2 has a GWP of 1. This is
usually measured over a 100-year
period. In this case the lower the
value of GWP the better the
refrigerator

202
Q

What is Ozone Depletion
Potential as it relates to
refrigerants?

A

The potential for a single
molecule of the refrigerant to
destroy the Ozone Layer. The
less the value of the ODP the
better the refrigerant is for the
ozone layer and therefore the
environment.

203
Q

Is it better for a refrigerant
to have a higher or lower
ODP and GWP?

A

Lower

204
Q

What is fundamental
refrigerant management?

A

A minimum threshold for
refrigerant selection. LEED
requires zero use of CFC-based
refrigerants in new
based building HVAC&R
systems.

205
Q

What is the intent of fundamental
refrigeration management?

A

To reduce stratospheric ozone
de Pletion

206
Q

What variables measure a
refrigerants impact on the
environment?

A

Global Warming Potential
(GWP) and Ozone Depletion
Potential (ODP)

207
Q

What does air pollution
cause?

A

Harm or discomfort to
humans or other living
organisms, or damages the
natural environment into the
atmosphere.

208
Q

What is a LIFE-CYCLE
COST Analysis?

A

Life-cycle cost analysis
calculates expected future
operating, maintenance, and
replacement costs of designs
and features used to assist
owners in developing a realistic
design and budget estimate.

209
Q

What is NET METERING?

A

It promotes water runoff
instead of infiltration into
the subsurface. This term is
mostly used when
discussing hardscape
surfaces.

210
Q

What types of power have
the greatest negative
environmental impact?

A

Coal
Gas
Hydropower
Other fossil fuels

211
Q

What do GREENHOUSE GASES
(GHG) do to the environment?

A

Absorb and emit radiation at specific
wavelengths within the spectrum of
thermal infrared radiation emitted by
Earth’s surface, clouds, and the
atmosphere itself. Increased
concentrations of greenhouse gases
are a root cause of global climate
change.

212
Q

An energy simulation model or
energy model is generated for
what reasons?

A

Energy simulation model or energy
models are used to provide the
anticipated energy consumption of a
building and permits a comparison of
energy performance, given proposed
energy efficiency measures, with the
baseline.

213
Q

What is the main ASHRAE
standard in which HVAC
systems must adhere?

A

ASHRAE 90.1

214
Q

What is an REC?

A

Also known as Green tags, Renewable Energy
Credits, or Tradable Renewable Certificates
(TRCs), are tradable environmental commodities in
the United States which represent proof that 1
megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated
from an eligible renewable energy resource.

215
Q

What is radon?

A

A cancer-causing
radioactive gas. Radon in
the ground, groundwater,
or building materials
enters working and living
spaces and disintegrates
into its decay products.

216
Q

Where can RECs be
purchased?

A

RECs can be purchased
anywhere and are not
bound by geography. They
differ from actual electricity
which must be purchased
from a local provider.

217
Q

What is the purpose of an REC?

A

A Renewable Energy
Certificate is a tradable
commodity that allows
organizations without access
to off-site green power to
purchase the benefits of green
power.

218
Q

Green power must be certified
by which organization for
LEED credit?

A

Green-e

219
Q

When would natural
ventilation be a good design
choice?

A

In cooler climates where
temperatures are lower.

220
Q

What are the environmental
benefits of an REC?

A

Avoid the carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions associated
with conventional electricity
use
Reduce some types of air
pollution

221
Q

What do CFCs do to the
environment?

A

CFCs destroy the ozone
layer.

222
Q

What is ENERGY
EFFICIENCY?

A

Energy efficiency is the use of technology
that requires less energy to perform the
same function as a conventional item. A
compact fluorescent light bulb that uses
less energy than an incandescent bulb to
produce the same amount of light is an
example of energy efficiency. The decision
to replace an incandescent light bulb with
a compact fluorescent is an example of
energy conservation.

223
Q

What is GLOBAL WARMING?

A

Global Warming refers to
climate change that causes
an increase in the average
temperature of the lower
atmosphere of the Earth.

224
Q

What are GREENHOUSE
GASES?

A

A gas, such as carbon dioxide
or methane, which contributes
to potential climate change.

225
Q

What is the most effective
way to optimize energy
efficiency?

A

The most effective way to
optimize energy efficiency is
by utilizing an integrative,
whole-building approach.

226
Q

What is embodied energy?

A

The available energy that was used
in the work of making a product.
Embodied energy is an accounting
methodology which aims to find the
sum total of the energy necessary
for an entire product lifecycle. This
lifecycle includes raw material
extraction, transport, manufacture,
assembly, installation, disassembly,
deconstruction and/or
decomposition.

227
Q

What is POSTCONSUMER
RECYCLED content?

A

It is the percentage of material in a product that
was consumer waste. The recycled material
was generated by household, commercial,
industrial, or institutional end-users and can no
longer be used for its intended purpose.
Postconsumer is just that, material recycled after
being used by the consumer.

228
Q

Reusing an existing
building can help earn
credit in what category?

A

Materials & Resources

229
Q

What is PRE-CONSUMER
recycled content?

A

Pre-consumer recycled content is
formerly known as postindustrial
content, is a percentage of material
in a product that is recycled from
manufacturing waste. Since the
material is never sold to the
consumer, it is pre-consumer
material.

230
Q

What is RECYCLED content?

A

Recycled content is the
proportion, by mass, of pre-consumer
or postconsumer
recycled material in a product
(ISO 14021).

231
Q

What is COMMINGLED
RECYCLING?

A

Commingled recycling accepts a
wide range of recyclable materials.
This allows materials to be collected
in one bin, or location, prior to being
sent to a recycling facility for
separation. This type of recycling
takes up less space and has better
participation from occupants.

232
Q

What is waste diversion?

A

Reducing the amount of
recyclable material being
thrown away and ultimately
wasted by disposal in the
landfill. Many materials have
uses or resources that can
be recaptured through
recycling.

233
Q

What are examples of PRE-CONSUMER
recycled
content?

A

Planer shavings, sawdust,
bagasse, walnut shells,
culls, trimmed materials,
over issue publications, and
obsolete inventories.

234
Q

What are examples of
content that is excluded
from PRE-CONSUMER
recycled content

A

Rework, regrind, or scrap
materials capable of being
reclaimed within the same
process that generated
them.

235
Q

What are examples of
POSTCONSUMER recycled
content?

A

Construction and demolition debris,
materials collected through
recycling programs, discarded
products, (e.g., furniture, cabinetry,
decking), and landscaping waste
(e.g., leaves, grass clippings, tree
trimmings)

236
Q

RECYCLED CONTENT is
defined in accordance with
what document?

A

ISO 14021 - International
Organization of Standards
document

237
Q

What type of recycled content is a material that contains recycled newspaper?

A

Post-consumer recycled content

238
Q

What is the FSC?

A

The Forest Stewardship Council
(FSC), established in 1933 in
response to those concerns
over global deforestation. It is
an international non-profit,
multi-stakeholder organization
that promotes responsible
management of the world’s
forests.

239
Q

What is the environmental
benefit of using SALVAGED
MATERIALS?

A

It reduces the demand for
virgin materials.

240
Q

What is a VOC?

A

Volatile Organic Compounds can
negative health effects when
inhaled. Many VOCs are human-made
chemicals that are used and
produced in the manufacture of
paints, pharmaceuticals, and
refrigerants.

241
Q

What is CONSTRUCTION &
DEMOLITION debris?

A

Construction and demolition debris are
waste building materials, dredging
materials, tree stumps, and rubble
resulting from construction, remodeling,
repair, and demolition of homes,
commercial buildings and other
structures and pavements

242
Q

What materials are not allowed
to be included in the
calculations for Construction
Waste Management?

A

-Excavated materials such as
dirt and trees
-Hazardous materials such as
asbestos and lead covered
debris

243
Q

What is a CONSTRUCTION
WASTE MANAGEMENT
PLAN?

A

A construction waste
management plan are
administrative and procedural
requirements for salvaging,
recycling and disposing of non-hazardous
demolition and
construction waste.

244
Q

What are low VOC products?

A

Materials that have less off-gassing,
resulting in
improved indoor air quality.

245
Q

What is REUSE?

A

A strategy to use existing
materials in a similar or
different capacity that
allows for the preservation
of natural resources.

246
Q

At a minimum what
materials must a
commercial LEED project
include in a recycling
program?

A

Paper
Corrugated cardboard
Glass
Plastics
Metals

247
Q

What are SALVAGED
MATERIALS?

A

Construction materials recovered
from building sites and reused on
different building sites in the same
or a different capacity. Examples
can include flooring, brick, beams,
and doors.

248
Q

What are the benefits of
regional materials?

A

Reduced transportation costs
Support of local resources

249
Q

What is source reduction?

A

The practice of designing,
manufacturing, purchasing,
or using materials (such as
products and packaging) in
ways that reduce the
amount or toxicity of trash
created

250
Q

What CREDIT CATEGORY
addresses RECYCLED
CONTENT?

A

Materials & Resources

251
Q

How many points can be
earned in the Innovation
category?

A

6 points

252
Q

How many Regional Priority
credits can a LEED project
earn?

A

4 points

253
Q

How many LEED AP’s are
required to participate in a project
to earn one Innovation point?

A

At least 1 principal participant
of the project team must be a
LEED AP with specialty
appropriate for the project to
earn an Innovation credit.

254
Q

Who is the PROJECT
ADMINISTRATOR?

A

The individual who initially
registers the project will be
identified by GBCI as the
Project Administrator

255
Q

How can Innovation credit
be earned?

A

Doubling the credit
requirements, using a new
strategy that is quantifiable,
or achieving Pilot Credits

256
Q

How does the integrative,
whole building approach
apply to LEED projects?

A

The integrative, whole-building
approach is the most effective
way to optimize energy
efficiency, by collaboration
among all team members,
beginning at the start of a
project , this method is
necessary in designing building
systems.

257
Q

What is a DESIGN
CHARRETTE?

A

The design charrette is an intense,
collaborative design activity that allows
project teams (i.e. project owner, architect,
and design team)to develop and plan
project strategies, evaluate and identify
both financial and environmental impacts,
and reveal any opportunistic synergies for
the entire project.

258
Q

What does the HOLISTIC
approach pertain to?

A

The holistic approach evaluates
energy consumption early in
the design process to allow
project teams to target methods
to improve the building energy
consumption and performance

259
Q

What LEED credit category
awards points for achieving
exemplary performance?

A

Innovation

260
Q

How do you earn Innovation
credit for exemplary
performance?

A

To earn Innovation credit for exemplary
performance, teams must meet the
performance level defined by the next
step in the threshold progression on
credits that allow exemplary
performance. For example if one point
can be earned on a credit by reducing
waste

261
Q

What are the requirements
for submitting an Innovation
credit for an Innovative
strategy?

A

Identify the following in writing:
The intent of the proposed
innovation credit. The
proposed requirement for
compliance. The proposed
submittals to demonstrate
compliance. The design
approach (strategies) used to
meet the requirements.

262
Q

How are Innovation points for
innovative performance
measured?

A

The submitted credit must
be quantifiable.

263
Q

What is the maximum
number of points a project
can earn under the Regional
Credit category?

A

Under the Regional Priority
credit 4 points is the
maximum any project may
earn.

264
Q

During the site selection
process what members
should a project team
include?

A

Landscape architects,
ecologists, environmental
engineers, and civil engineers,
as well as local professionals
who can provide site specific
expertise

265
Q

What are CREDIT SYNERGIES?

A

Credit synergies happen when
credits work together and
have an increased benefit,
many times at a lower
combined cost

266
Q

Who fills out the LEED
Scorecard?

A

The project team does during
the LEED charrette.

267
Q

Who can become a LEED
AP with specialty?

A

Anyone that passes
GBCI’s exams.

268
Q

What do LEED APs with
specialty do on a project?

A

Help streamline the
certification process

269
Q

What is EXEMPLARY
PERFORMANCE?

A

Performance above and beyond
the LEED requirements is rated
“exemplary.” An example of
exemplary performance is to meet
the next step in a series of
requirements.

270
Q

What do you call a
collaborative, facilitated
approach to project design
and execution?

A

An integrative process.

271
Q

What is a LEED CHARRETTE?

A

A collaborative session in
which building stakeholders
and building experts address
design and project issues early
in the building process.

272
Q

True or False: Can a product
can earn Innovation credit?

A

FALSE

273
Q

Who uses LEED?

A

Architects, real estate professionals,
facility managers, engineers, interior
designers, landscape architects,
construction managers, lenders and
government officials all use LEED to
help transform the built environment
to sustainability.

274
Q

What should a project vision
include?

A

A statement that embraces
sustainable principles and an
integrative process. A vision
statement should support and
enforce the sustainability goals
throughout the project.

275
Q

What is the pre-design
phase of an environmentally
responsive design?

A

An added step to the design
process which includes the
integrative process,
defining environmental
design guidelines, and
assembling an integrative
project team.

276
Q

What steps occur in the
pre-design phase?

A

-Develop Green Vision
-Establish Project Goals and
-Green Design Criteria
-Set Priorities
-Develop Building Program
-Establish Budget
-Assemble Green Team
-Develop Partnering Strategies
-Develop Project Schedule
-Review Laws and Standards
-Conduct Researh

277
Q

What can increasing the ventilation
in a building have a negative
impact on?

A

Increasing ventilation in a
building increases energy use
(EA).

278
Q

Can prerequisites earn
exemplary performance?

A

No. Only credits can earn
exemplary performance.

279
Q

At what stage is it critical to
incorporate green building
practices into the project?

A

Pre-design

280
Q

LOCAL ZONING requirements
are defined as:

A

Local government
regulations imposed to
promote orderly
development of private
lands and prevent land-use
conflicts.

281
Q

Which has precedent in a
project, LEED requirements
or local codes?

A

Local codes must be
followed first.

282
Q

What codes must LEED
projects follow?

A

Projects should review
relevant and applicable
laws, codes, local
ordinances, statutes, and
industry-related standards.

283
Q

What must be checked to determine
what type of building can be built
on a piece of land?

A

Local zoning requirements

284
Q

What are local ordinances?

A

A law usually found in a
municipal code.

285
Q

What are local codes?

A

State and local jurisdictions
may develop their own
regulations or adopt building
codes based on national model
codes. State and local codes
are typically based on national
model codes published by the
International Code Council
(ICC)

286
Q

What additional green
building project and building
construction budget are
there?

A

-Life cycle cost analysis
-Green Building experts
-Contingency plans for
additional Research

287
Q

What is systems thinking?

A

An understanding of the
built environment as a
series of relationships in
which all parts influence
many other parts.

288
Q

What is the integrative
process used for?

A

To support high-performance,
cost-effective
project outcomes through
an early analysis of the
interrelationships among
systems.

289
Q

What are the benefits of using an
integrative process?

A

Higher performing buildings,
healthier buildings, and cost
savings over the long term.

290
Q

What is REACH used for?

A

REACH is the Regulation on
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization
and Restriction of Chemicals. REACH
requires all companies manufacturing or
importing chemical substances into the
European Union in quantities of one ton
or more per year to register these

291
Q

What are examples of high-priority
designation areas?

A

-Historic districts
-Priority designation sites
(Federal Empowerment
Zones, EPA National
Priorities List, etc.)
-Brownfield

292
Q

What are types of sensitive
habitat?

A

-Prime farmland
-Floodplains
-Endangered habitat
-Water bodies
-Wetlands

293
Q

What is WaterSense used
for in LEED?

A

To identify fixtures in a
LEED building are both
water efficient and high
performing.

294
Q

What are the diverse use
categories?

A

-Food retail
-Community-serving retail
-Services
-Civic and community facilities
-Community anchor uses

295
Q

What is the waste reduction
hierarchy?

A

-Source reduction
-Reuse
-Recycling
-Waste-to-energy

296
Q

What is WASTE-TO-ENERGY?

A

The process of generating
energy in the form of electricity
and/or heat from the
incineration of waste.

297
Q

What is USGBC’s mission?

A

To transform the way buildings
and communities are designed,
built and operated, enabling an
environmentally and socially
responsible, healthy, and
prosperous environment that
improves the quality of life.

298
Q

What is USGBC’s vision?

A

Buildings and communities will
regenerate and sustain the
health and vitality of all life
within a generation.

299
Q

What are the roles of GBCI?

A

Administration of the LEED
exams
-Overseeing LEED Credential
Maintenance
-Third-party technical reviews
of registered LEED projects

300
Q

What other green building
rating systems are
available?

A

-Green Globes
-BREEAM
-Green Star
-IgCC

301
Q

What are I-codes?

A

The International Codes, or I-Codes, published
by ICC, provide minimum safeguards for people
at home, at school, and in the workplace. The I-Codes
are a complete set of comprehensive,
coordinated building safety and fire prevention
codes. Building codes benefit public safety and
support the industry’s need for one set of codes
without regional limitations.

302
Q

What is the IgCC?

A

The IgCC provides the building industry
with language that both broadens and
strengthens building codes in a way that
will accelerate the construction of high
performance green buildings.

303
Q

What are LEED
Interpretations?

A

LEED Interpretations, just like Project
Credit Interpretation Rulings (Project
CIRs), are official answers to technical
inquiries about implementing LEED on a
project. They help people understand how
their projects can meet LEED
requirements. They also define or expand
upon existing content to provide clarity.

304
Q

What are LEED Addenda?

A

USGBC publishes
clarifications (also called
addenda) to address errors
in the LEED rating systems
and reference guides.

305
Q

What is a HERs Index?

A

The Home Energy Rating
System (HERS) Index is a
standard by which a home’s
energy efficiency is
measured.

306
Q

What is a BUG rating?

A

The backlight-uplight glare
method is used in LEED v4 for
light pollution reduction. By
selecting exterior lighting with
specific BUG ratings the project
team can easily reduce light
pollution.

307
Q

How is water performance
measurement accomplished?

A

Metering and submetering.

308
Q

What is DENSITY?

A

A measure of the total building floor area
or dwelling units on a parcel of land
relative to the buildable land of that
parcel. Units for measuring density may
differ according to credit requirements.
Does not include structured parking.

309
Q

What is BUILDABLE LAND?

A

The portion of the site where
construction can occur,
including land voluntarily set
aside and not constructed on.
When used in density
calculations, buildable land
excludes public rights-of-way
and land excluded from
development by codified law.

310
Q

What is a FLOOR-AREA-RATIO
(FAR)?

A

The density of nonresidential
land use, exclusive of parking,
measured as the total
nonresidential building floor
area divided by the total
buildable land area available for
nonresidential structures.

311
Q

What is an OCCUPIED
SPACE?

A

Enclosed areas intended for
human activities.

312
Q

What are examples of
UNOCCUPIED SPACES?

A

Mechanical rooms, stairwells,
closets

313
Q

What is an REGULARLY
OCCUPIED SPACE?

A

Conference rooms, guest rooms,
kitchens, hotel lobby

314
Q

What is COMMISSIONING?

A

The process of verifying and
documenting that a building and all of its
systems and assemblies are planned,
designed, installed, tested, operated, and
maintained to meet the owner’s project
requirements.

315
Q

What is RETRO-COMMISSIONING?

A

A commissioning process that
can be performed on existing
buildings to identify and
recognize system
improvements that make the
building more suitable for
current use.

316
Q

What is DEMAND
RESPONSE?

A

A change in electricity use by demand-side
resources from their normal
consumption patterns in response to
changes in the price of electricity or to
incentive payments designed to induce
lower electricity use at times of high
wholesale market prices or when system
reliability is jeopardized

317
Q

What is a DEMAND
RESPONSE EVENT?

A

A specific period of time when the
utility or independent service
operator calls for a change in the
pattern or level of use in grid-based
electricity from its program
participants. Also known as a
curtailment event.

318
Q

What is a CARBON
OFFSET?

A

A unit of carbon dioxide
equivalent that is reduced,
avoided, or sequestered to
compensate for emissions
occurring elsewhere

319
Q

What standard qualifies carbon
offsets?

A

Green-e Climate certified (or
equivalent)

320
Q

What environmental benefit
does purchasing off-site
renewable energy (Green
Power) have?

A

Emissions reductions

321
Q

How is a building’s energy
efficiency benchmarked?

A

EPA’s ENERGY STAR
Portfolio Manager

322
Q

What does a building
automation system do?

A

Collect data about a
building’s systems and
track it over time

323
Q

What does designing for
flexibility mean?

A

Designing for flexibility is a concept
that considers the future use of the
building and how it may be modified
while at the same time reducing
waste and reducing the need for
new materials.

324
Q

What are environmental
externalities?

A

Transactions in which one or
more parties to the transaction
are not compensated and may
have little choice in the
transaction. Air pollution, for
example, is a visible externality
of manufacturing, the cost of
which is generally paid by
others.

325
Q

What is product transparency?

A

Each building disclosure and
optimization credit in the Materials
and Resources section has two
options for compliance. The first
option is for material transparency -
what’s in the material or how was it
obtained. There are third party
certifications use

326
Q

What is an ENVIRONMENTAL
PRODUCT DECLARATION
(EPD)?

A

The Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is
a standardized way of quantifying the
environmental impact of a product or system. It
is a statement that the item meets the
environmental requirements of ISO
14021?€ô1999, ISO 14025?€ô2006 and EN
15804, or

327
Q

What is a HEALTH
PRODUCT DECLARATION
(HPD)?

A

Health Product Declaration
(HPDs) provide a full disclosure
of the potential chemicals of
concern in products by
comparing product ingredients
to a wide variety of “hazard”
lists published by government
authorities and scientific
associations.

328
Q

What is a CORPORATE
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT
(CSR)?

A

A CSR report is a third-party verified
report that includes information on
how the manufacturer extracts or
sources materials

329
Q

What are three examples of
building product
disclosure?

A

Raw materials sourcing
-Material ingredients
-Environmental product
disclosure

330
Q

What are USGBC’s seven
guiding principles?

A

Promote the triple bottom line
-Establish leadership
-Reconcile humanity with nature
-Foster social equity
-Maintain integrity
-Be inclusive
-Exhibit transparency

331
Q

What does the LEED Volume
Program help with?

A

Cost-effective LEED
certification on a volume scale

332
Q

When would the Campus
Program be used?

A

The Campus Program is used
when there are less than
twenty-five projects and they
are non-uniform in size. The
projects do not have to be
adjacent.

333
Q

How many LEED
adaptations are there?

A

21

334
Q

What LEED rating system has
recertification?

A

LEED O+M. Recertification
is for O+M projects with an
initial O+M certification.
Projects must recertify
within five years of the
previous O+M certification
and are eligible to recertify
as often as every 12
months.

335
Q

How often must LEED O+M
projects recertify?

A

Every 5 years.

336
Q

What are the LEED impact
categories?

A

-Reverse Contribution to Global Climate
Change
-Enhance Individual Human Health and
Well-Being
-Protect and Restore Water Resources
-Protect, Enhance and Restore
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
-Promote Sustainable and Regenerative
Material Resources

337
Q

What are three important factors of
the LEED Green Building Rating
System?

A

-Voluntary
-Consensus-based
-Market-driven

338
Q

What are the point values of a
LEED credit based on?

A

The ability to mitigate the
environmental harms of a
building and to promote
beneficial effects.

339
Q

What are the three types of
LEED improvements made
on a regular basis?

A

-Errata and addenda
-Adaptations
-Next version of LEED

340
Q

In what 3 ways are LEED
Interpretations different than
Project CIRs?

A

-Precedent-setting
-Published online
-Subject to consensus-based
review

341
Q

What are 3 benefits of LEED
Interpretations?

A

-Can be applied to multiple
projects
-Part of the LEED
conversation
-Reviewed by USGBC
committees

342
Q

What LEED developments
address specific space
types and international
requirements?

A

LEED Rating System
adaptations

343
Q

What is the LEED Pilot Credit
Library?

A

Allows credits to be refined
through LEED project evaluations
before they complete the balloting
process for introduction into
LEED

344
Q

What type of project
requires a master site for
registration?

A

Campus

345
Q

What is an LPE?

A

Licensed Professional
Exemption (LPE) is an
optional credit documentation
path in which professionals
can submit license
information and a declaration
of compliance in lieu of a
number of otherwise required
submittals.

346
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A closed system is a system
with a closed loop, and is
thought of as more sustainable.
For example, plants growing in
a field, grow, produce oxygen,
take in water, then die and
decay which helps plants grow.
Closed systems can be linked
so one system uses

347
Q

What is an open system?

A

An open system is a system that
constantly takes in items from outside
the system, uses them and then
releases them as waste. This system
has no feedback loop. Think of a normal
home where groceries, products, or
water come into the home, are used and
then released as waste water or
garbage.

348
Q

What is a negative feedback
loop?

A

A negative feedback loop is
a system where the output
may signal the system to
stop changing.

349
Q

What are the phases of the LEED
integrative process?

A

-Discovery
-Design and Construction
(Implementation)
-Occupancy, Operations, and
Performance Feedback

350
Q

How does integrative design
differ from the conventional
building process?

A

The integrative process is
iterative.

351
Q

What is at the core of the
integrative process?

A

Collaborative team
members

352
Q

What does the ISO 14000
standard do?

A

Assess environmental
performance of products
and services and provide
guidance on improving their
environmental performance

353
Q

What is infill
development?

A

Infill development occurs within
established urban areas where
the site or area either is a
vacant place between other
developments or has previously
been used for another urban
purpose.

354
Q

What document assists with
determining recommended
parking?

A

ITE Transportation Planning
Handbook

355
Q

What is a SITE ASSESSMENT?

A

An evaluation of an area’s above ground and
subsurface characteristics, including its
structures, geology, and hydrology. Site
assessments typically help determine whether
contamination has occurred and the extent and
concentration of any release of pollutants.
Remediation decisions rely on information
generated during site assessments.

356
Q

Construction activity
pollution prevention should
address what environmental
protection measures?

A

-Soil erosion
-Waterway sedimentation
-Airborne dust

357
Q

What team member creates
an erosion and
sedimentation control (ESC)
plan for construction activity
pollution prevention?

A

Civil engineer

358
Q

What does protecting and
restoring habitat help with?

A

Promoting biodiversity

359
Q

How should projects
reduce runoff?

A

Replicating the natural
hydrology and water
balance of the site

360
Q

What are ways to manage runoff?

A

Low-impact development (LID)
and green infrastructure

361
Q

What products can have a
WaterSense label?

A

-Toilets
-Private lavatory faucets
-Showerheads

362
Q

What is energy use intensity
measured in?

A

Energy consumed per unit
of floor space

363
Q

What is the Owner’s Project
Requirements (OPR)
document?

A

A written document that
details the ideas, concepts,
and criteria determined by
the owner to be important to
the success of the project.

364
Q

What is BUS RAPID
TRANSIT?

A

BRT is an enhanced bus system
that operates on exclusive bus
lanes or other transit rights-of-way.
The system is designed to combine
the flexibility of buses with the
efficiency of rail.

365
Q

What does tracking
building-level energy use
help with?

A

Identifying additional
energy savings over time.

366
Q

What is ADAPTIVE REUSE?

A

The practice of redesigning and
using a structure for a use that is
significantly different from the
building’s original use.

367
Q

What do the credits in the
Materials and Resources (MR)
category focus on?

A

Minimizing the embodied
impacts associated with the
entire life-cycle of building
materials

368
Q

What is the purpose of a
life-cycle assessment?

A

To understand the trade-offs
of material selection
and energy performance

369
Q

What is EXTENDED
PRODUCER
RESPONSIBILITY?

A

Measures undertaken by the
maker of a product to accept its
own and sometimes other
manufacturers’ products as
postconsumer waste at the end
of the products’ useful life.
Producers recover and recycle
the materials for use in new
products of the same type

370
Q

What is a FLUSH-OUT?

A

A flush-out runs the mechanical
systems with 100% outside air to
remove contaminants. Flush-outs
are usually done after construction
is complete and prior occupants
moving in.

371
Q

What is IPM?

A

Integrated Pest Management - a
method of pest management
that protects human health and
the surrounding environment
and improves economic returns
through the most effective,
least-risk option.

372
Q

What is a common issue with
daylighting?

A

Glare

373
Q

What does daylighting help
reduce?

A

The need for artificial lighting.

374
Q

What are the benefits of
good acoustics?

A

-Increased learning in
schools
-Increased privacy in
healthcare
-Increased employee
productivity/satisfaction

375
Q

What are ways to provide
occupants thermal comfort?

A

-Operable windows
-Individual thermal comfort
controls
-Controls for shared spaces

376
Q

What is a negative
environmental externality of
locating a project in an area
does not have diverse uses
and is not densely
developed?

A

Increased air pollution

377
Q

What are the benefits of
LEED-certified buildings?

A

-Lower operating costs and increased
asset value
-Reduced waste sent to landfills
-Energy and water conservation
-More healthful and productive
environments for occupants
-Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
-Qualification for tax rebates, zoning allow

378
Q

What is the most impactful way
that a project can help to reverse
contribution to climate change?

A

Reducing fossil-fuel based
energy consumption

379
Q

What are the long term effects
of climate change?

A

-Higher sea levels
-Higher temperatures
-Longer droughts

380
Q

What are ALTERNATIVE
COMPLIANCE PATHS
(ACPs)?

A

Alternative Compliance Paths,
or ACPs, allow international
projects to identify equivalent
means of demonstrating
compliance to the credit
requirements. For example,
where an equivalent country’s
reference standard exists, an
ACP can allow for the use of

381
Q

What are examples of
STRUCTURAL INCENTIVES
for green building?

A

-Expedited review / permitting
process
-Density and height bonuses

382
Q

What are examples of
FINANCIAL INCENTIVES for
green building?

A

-Tax credits
-Fee reductions / waivers
-Grants
-Revolving loan funds (low-interest
loans)

383
Q

What are examples of NON-FINANCIAL
INCENTIVES for
green building?

A

-Technical assistance
-Marketing assistance

384
Q

What is a REGULAR BUILDING
OCCUPANT?

A

Habitual users of a building.

385
Q

Name the different types of
regular building occupants

A

-Employees
-Staff
-Volunteers
-Residents
-Primary and secondary school
students
-Hotel guests
-Inpatients

386
Q

What is a VISITOR?

A

Visitors (also called
‘transients’) intermittently
use a LEED building.

387
Q

Name the different type of
building visitors.

A

-Retail customers
-Outpatients
-Volunteers
-Higher-education students

388
Q

What is the most important
phase of the integrative
process?

A

Discovery

389
Q

What is a COMMISSIONING
AUTHORITY (CxA)

A

The individual designated to organize,
lead, and review the completion of
commissioning process activities. The
CxA facilitates communication among the
owner, designer, and contractor to ensure
that complex systems are installed and
function in accordance with the owner’s
project requirements.

390
Q

What is LOW IMPACT
DEVELOPMENT (LID)?

A

An approach to managing
rainwater runoff that emphasizes
on-site natural features to protect
water quality, by replicating the
natural land cover hydrologic
regime of watersheds, and
addressing runoff close to its
source.

391
Q

What are examples of
OCCUPANT CONTROLS?

A

An occupant controls is a system or
switch that a person in the space can
directly access and use. Examples
include a task light, an open switch, and
blinds. A temperature sensor, photo
sensor, or centrally controlled system is
not occupant controlled.

392
Q

What is a RIDE SHARE?

A

A transit service in which individuals travel
together in a passenger car or small van that
seats at least four people. It can include human-powered
conveyances, which must
accommodate at least two people. It must include
an enclosed passenger seating area, fixed route
service, fixed fare structure, regular operation,
and the ability to pick up multiple riders.

393
Q

What is a REGULATED
LOAD?

A

Any building end use that
has either a mandatory or a
prescriptive requirement in
ASHRAE Standard 90.1

394
Q

What is PROCESS
ENERGY?

A

Power resources consumed in
support of a manufacturing,
industrial, or commercial process
other than conditioning spaces
and maintaining comfort and
amenities for building occupants
of a building. It may include
refrigeration equipment, cooking
and food

395
Q

What is VISION GLAZING?

A

The glass portion of an exterior
window that permits views to
the exterior or interior. Vision
glazing must allow a clear
image of the exterior and must
not be obstructed by frits,
fibers, patterned glazing, or
added tints that distort color
balance.

396
Q

What standards can be used to
identify green cleaning products?

A

Environmental Choice and
Green Seal

397
Q

What does increasing
ventilation in a building
help with?

A

Reduced absenteeism

398
Q

Where should smoking be
prohibited around a
building?

A

Near entrances, operable
windows, and air intakes.

399
Q

What does the type of
entryway system selected
for a building impact?

A

Indoor air quality.

LEED Green Assoc. (1 decks)

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