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Bio 121 Lab > First Lab Exam > Flashcards

First Lab Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Contribution made by solutes

A

osmotic potential

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2
Q

Contribution made by pressure

A

pressure potential

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3
Q

Contribution made by water-binding colloids and surface

A

matric potential

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4
Q

(T/F)

Osmotic potential can be omitted

A

F

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5
Q

(T/F)

Matric potential can be omitted

A

T

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6
Q

Contribution made by gravity. Often omitted because it applies only to tall trees

A

gravitational potential

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7
Q

Osmotic potential is always _______ in value

A

negative

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8
Q

Pressure potential can be ____, _____, or _____ in value

A

positive, negative, zero

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9
Q

The sum of water potential is negative in value except in ____ cells

A

turgid

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10
Q

3 common procedures to measure water potential

A

weight change method, plasmolysis and chardakov method

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11
Q

What solution is being used in weight change method?

A

non-electrolyte solution

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12
Q

The main goal of weight change method is to find a solution where the weight and volume of the tissue ______ change

A

does not

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13
Q

Example of non-electrolyte solution

A

mannitol

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14
Q

What is used to make potato cylinders?

A

cork borer

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15
Q

how many test tubes were used in WCM?

A

12

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16
Q

Size of potato cylinders in cm

A

1

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17
Q

What is being calculated in weight change method?

A

% change in weight

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18
Q

icRT is a formula of ______________ _____________

A

osmotic potential

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19
Q

What is being determined by plasmolysis?

A

osmotic potential

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20
Q

How many minutes are the leaves immersed in the prepared solution in plasmolysis?

A

10

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21
Q

What section is being cut to be observed under microscope in plasmolysis?

A

epidermis

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21
Q

What is being determined in Chardakov method?

A

water potential

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22
Q

(T/F)

Leaves are placed in the duplicate solutions

A

F

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23
Q

What crystals are added in test solutions in Chardakov method? (2 answers)

A

methylene blue crystals, bromophenol blue crystals

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24
Q

Other term for water holding capacity?

A

saturation point

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25
Q

Minimum amount of water that prevents plant from wilting permanently?

A

permanent wilting point

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26
Q

Term for “above WHC”

A

oversaturation

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27
Q

The WHCs used in the experiment were: ___%, ____%, ____%, and ____%

A

30, 60, 100, 120

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28
Q

What parameters were measured after 3 weeks in WHC experiment? (4 answers)

A

shoot length, shoot DW, root DW, leaf area

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28
Q

Green plants exhibit _____ mode of nutrition

A

autotrophic

29
Q

Plants can synthesize _____ with the use of CO2, light, water, and inorganic materials

A

carbohydrates

30
Q

____ out of 90 elements in the Earth’s crust are useful to plants

A

12

30
Q

Inorganic materials are from _____ of parent rocks

A

weathering

31
Q

What are the macronutrients?

A

nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, magnesium

31
Q

What are the micronutrients

A

manganese, molybdenum, zinc, copper, boron

32
Q

What is in-between macro and micro?

A

iron

33
Q

(T/F)

Macronutrients are more important that micronutrients

A

T

34
Q

What are the 3 setups that can be used in inorganic nutrition experiment?

A

hydroponic, aeroponic, nutrient film

34
Q

The pH in inorganic nutrition experiment should be

A

6.5-6.8

34
Q

2 drops of 0.05% __ are added every other day

A

Fe

35
Q

What is being observed in inorganic nutrient setup

A

visual changes

35
Q

Examples of visual changes

A

chlorosis, necrosis

35
Q

Solutions used in mechanism of guard cell movements:

KCl, ____, ChCl, ______

A

mannitol, ABA

35
Q

In mechanism of guard cell movement, which part of the leaf is soaked in the solution?

A

epidermal strips

35
Q

in mechanism of guard cell movement, how many hour/s are the epidermal strips submerged to the solution?

A

1

36
Q

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, which is usually caused by concentration gradient

A

osmosis

36
Q

Movement from osmosis is from ____ concentration of water to ____ concentration of water

A

high, low

36
Q

Shrinkage of the protoplasm

A

plasmolysys

36
Q

Neither turgid nor completely plasmolyzed

“About to be plasmolyzed”

A

incipient plasmolysis

36
Q

Isotonic =

A

flaccid

36
Q

Hypertonic =

A

plasmolyzed

37
Q

Hypertonic =

A

turgid

38
Q

Vigna unguiculata is from family _____

A

fabaceae

39
Q

Common name of bush sitao

A

black-eyed pea

40
Q

Longest shoot lengths are at ____% WHC

A

60

41
Q

Longest root lengths are at ____% WHC

A

30

42
Q

Shortest shoot lengths are at ____% WHC

A

120

43
Q

Shortest root lengths are at ____% WHC

A

60

44
Q

(T/F)

Longer root lengths are produced in lower % WHC

A

T

44
Q

Drought: retain water
Flood: reduce _______ consumption

A

oxygen

45
Q

Root and shoot DW are highest at ___% WHC

A

60

46
Q

Root and shoot DW are lowest at ___% WHC

A

100

47
Q

Biggest leaf area is produced in ___% WHC

A

60

48
Q

Guard cells are located in the leaf _______

A

epidermis

49
Q

Guard cells surround the ______

A

stoma

50
Q

Light induces stomatal _____

A

opening

51
Q

Dark induces stomatal ________

A

closing

52
Q

Potassium ions and distilled water induce stomatal ___________

A

opening

53
Q

ABA induces stomatal _________

A

closing

54
Q

Involves CO2 absorption and O2 release

A

photosynthesis

55
Q

Mannitol, ChCl, and ABA induce stomatal _______

A

closing

56
Q

Exogenous =

A

outside

57
Q

Endogenous =

A

inside

Bio 121 Lab (1 decks)

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