Finals Flashcards
Factors that lead to Christianity’s spread
- areas controlled by the Romans were generally peaceful
- Well constructed roads
- Most people spoke Latin or Greek
- Hopeful concept
Philosophies of Socrates
Believed in absolute truth and that all real knowledge was within each person. Socratic Method; questioning to gain truth. *dedicated his life to teaching
Philosophies of Plato
Unlike Socrates, recorded his ideas in writing. Wrote the Republic, which presented his plan for an ideal society and gov. At the top- philosopher kings who were meant to rule with logic and wisdom. Middle- warriors who would defend society from attack
Philosophies of Aristotle
made 209 works on government, astronomy, and political science. Taught Alexander the Great.
In what ways were the Romans at more at an advantage than the Greeks?
- Easily accessible from Africa, Asia, Europe
- Sunny, mild climate
- Fertile Farmland
Gov. of the Roman Republic
Senate - made laws, ran daily affairs for the gov.
Praetors - interpreted law, could serve as judges and military leaders
Consuls - could veto or pass laws, head of the gov. and administrators.
Caesar’s reforms
- citizenship to people in provinces
- expanded the senate
- made colonies, gave land to the poor
- jobs for the unemployed
- hired more free workers
- Julian calendar
What were some achievements made during the Pax Romana?
roads, aqueducts, number system, art, architexture, study of anatomy and astronomy
Reasons the Roman empire declines
political confusion, economic weakness, invasions
POLITICAL CONFUSION
after the Pax Romana ended, Rome’s government grew weak while the army got stronger
ECONOMIC WEAKNESS
Roman soldier and foreign invaders attacked farms and disrupted trade. These attacks lead to food shortages.
INVASIONS
Germanic Tribes began raiding the western empire while Persian armies invaded in the east
Justinian’s code and why was it important, significance
Justinian realized that the empire’s laws were disorganized and confusing, so he ordered a group of legal scholars to create a simpler code of laws that were easier to understand. They became known as Justinian’s code. It BECAME THE BASIS FOR THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF ALMOST EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WESTERN WORLD.
Feudalism
The Peasants, or serfs paid rent and farmed the land of Knights, who in return gave the food, protection, and shelter. The Knights were vassals to the Lords and gave them military service and homage. The Lords gave the Knights protection, shelter, and food in return. The Lords, who were vassals to the king, gave him loyalty and military aid, and the king in return gave the fief and peasants. Knights vassals to → Lords vassals to → King.
What were some of the accomplishments of Eleanor of Aquitaine? How would you describe her legacy?
She negotiated (and won) her son’s release when he got captured in Austria. She had a lot of political power and ran Richard the Lionheart’s kingdom while he was fighting in the crusades, and kept it in tact.
