Final Review - Orthotics and Prosthetics

Question 1

Orthotics

Answer 1

Any med device applied to or around a body segment to address a physical impairment or disability (brace/splint)

Question 2

Orthotic purposes

Answer 2

Support, stabilize, protect, immobilize, restrict unwanted movements, prevent contractures, modify tone, restore mobility

Question 3

Static Splint

Answer 3

No moving parts

Use: support, protect, stabilize & immobilize

Question 4

Serial static splint

Answer 4

Remolded to accommodate for increases in ROM

Use: lengthen tissue to increase ROM

Question 5

Static prog splint

Answer 5

Mobilizing forces to increase ROM

Question 6

Dynamic splint

Answer 6

Moving parts

Use: moving parts to gain control/restore ROM

Question 7

Splinting Considerations

Answer 7

Purpose/function, type, volar vs dorsal, boney prominences, wear time, custom vs pre-fab

Question 8

Anatomical Splinting Considerations

Answer 8

Creases, arches, boney prominances, neutral to slight UD, 15-30D of wrist exten, 15-20D of MCP flex, 10D of DIP/PIP flex

Question 9

Passive/Cosmetic Prosthesis

Answer 9

High levels; silicone replacements
Low weight, durable & looks good
Low functionality

Question 10

Body Powered Prosthesis

Answer 10

Most common; multiple TD (hooks, hands, fig 8/9, suspension)
Low cost, durable
Doesn’t look great

Question 11

Myoelectric

Answer 11

Receives electrical charges from normal muscle movement and amplifies them to create motor response; Pt needs to be highly motivated/smart

Question 12

OT Role

Answer 12

Hygiene, toileting, dressing, feeding, home care, communication, vocational

Question 13

Mechanical Principles

Answer 13

1. Increase area of force app to disperse pressure
2. Increase mechanical advantage
3. Ensure 3 points of pressure
4. Add strength by contouring
5. Perp traction for dynamic
6. Acceptable pressure for dynamic
7. High vs low profile outriggers