Final Exam

Question 1

The readings for the Gilded Age included

Answer 1

Gould’s Mismeasure of Man

Question 2

The topics for the Gilded Age covered

Answer 2

Social Darwinism

Question 3

The term “Gilded Age” most accurately refers to

Answer 3

Abundant wealth masking social inequities and corruption

Question 4

Darwin’s “On the Origin of Species” was published in 1859 and impacted Americans when?

Answer 4

in the 1870s

Question 5

(T/F): Charles Darwin applied his principles of evolution to society and popularized the idea of survival of the fittest

Answer 5

FALSE; it was Herbert Spencer aka America’s Darwin

Question 6

“Indian Removal” had been a long part of federal Indian policy. After the Civil War, American feelings about Indian removal largely:

Answer 6

intensified

Question 7

What two industries did Native Americans’ slave labor help to boost in California?

Answer 7

agricultural and railroad

Question 8

In his 4th chapter, Stephen J. Gould discusses which two ideas related to evolutionary theory?

Answer 8

recapitulation and criminal anthropology

Question 9

According to Gould, Rudyard Kipling defended what belief?

Answer 9

White supremacy

Question 10

What years was the Chinese Exclusion Act in effect from?

Answer 10

1882-1943

Question 11

What was The Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 11

Movement in Asia that sought to restrict entrepreneurial and religious interests

Question 12

Where in Cuba did Mckinley order a ship to dock?

Answer 12

Havana

Question 13

“The big stick” is associated with whom?

Answer 13

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 14

Between 1870 and 1920, about how many immigrants arrived in the US?

Answer 14

25,000,000

Question 15

Who dubbed the Greenwood District of Tulsa, OK as the “Black Wall Street”?

Answer 15

Booker T. Washington

Question 16

Which black intellectual produced a collection of works by black artists during the Harlem Renaissance?

Answer 16

Alain Locke

Question 17

What event is credited with the resurgence of the KKK in the early 20th century?

Answer 17

Lynching of Leo Frank and the release of Birth of a Nation

Question 18

(T/F): A stock market crash did not solely cause the Great Depression

Answer 18

TRUE; other factors included a weak banking system, collapse of farm prices, and industrial overproduction

Question 19

What did the National Recovery Administration do?

Answer 19

suppressed child labor, sought higher pay, sought improved working environments

Question 20

Hitler’s Nationalist Socialists arose after the collapse of which regime?

Answer 20

Weimar Republic

Question 21

Which fascist first emerged into power during the second decade of the twentieth century?

Answer 21

Benito Mussolini

Question 22

(T/F): WWII ended after Germany was defeated by allied forces.

Answer 22

FALSE; ended with bombing of Nagasaki and Japan surrendering

Question 23

What was the significance of The Long Telegram?

Answer 23

Was a message that the US received denouncing Russia’s efforts to spread communism.

Question 24

What two things did the Cold War pit against each other?

Answer 24

communism against capitalism

Question 25

How did federal housing programs discriminate against Americans of color? (3 reasons)

Answer 25

- **Redlining** neighborhoods that included Americans of color - Claiming that Americans of color were at a greater risk of **defaulting on FHA loans** - Creating self-fulfilling prophecies that racially integrated neighborhoods would have **depreciating home values**

Question 26

What two ideals in the freedom of struggle did the Civil Rights Movement combine?

Answer 26

Democratic ideals and biblical imagery

Question 27

What were the results of Brown v. Board of Education? (3 things)

Answer 27

- Extended the reach of the **14th amendment** (granted citizenship to all persons "born or naturalized in the United States," including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws") - Overturned the legal logic of **Plessy v. Ferguson** (separate but equal) - Ruled against segregated **public schools**

Question 28

The U.S. policy of containment applied to what context?

Answer 28

The Cold War

Question 29

Jackson Pollock was an artistic example of

Answer 29

American Expressionism

Question 30

The monolith of American culture in the fifties and sixties was **attacked** because of its identity as:

Answer 30

White, male-dominated, conservative, and stifling

Question 31

What did the Kerner Commission reveal?

Answer 31

Black frustration with the hopelessness of poverty prompted urban unrest

Question 32

What 2 movements were the preconditions for social and political equality?

Answer 32

The Civil Rights Act (1964) and the Voting Rights Act (1965)

Question 33

(T/F): NYT columnist James Reston's prediction that Goldwater had "wrecked his party for a long time to come" proved to be true.

Answer 33

FALSE; he explains how the opposite is in fact true

Question 34

Increasing racial diversity often occurred in America through an:

Answer 34

individualistic framework