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final exam Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the diffference between the universe and the sample

A

sample is who you are surveying and the universe is the opinions of people who you are trying to discover

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2
Q

all men are entitled to what two things

A

freedom of equality of opportunity and equality under the law

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3
Q

comprimise is used to ____ and ________ competing views and interests

A

blend and adgust

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4
Q

intensity,____ ,and____are the three difficulties of measuing scientific polls

A

relevance and stability

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5
Q

What did Mccolloch v. Maryland establish?

A

that federal law is
supreme over state law.

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6
Q

Which court heard cases such as Gideon v. Wainwright and Miranda v Arizona?

A

th warren court (most liberal court ever)

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7
Q

judicial activism

A

argues that judges
should take into account how social
values and conditions may have changed

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8
Q

judicial restrain def

A

argues that the courts should
defer to the policy decisions of the legislative
and executive branches.

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9
Q

The group that decides cases based on the framers and congress when the law was written would be exercising Judicial restraint or activism?

A

juditial restraint

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10
Q

Who was the president behind the “court packing plan”?

A

FDR

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11
Q

“The most liberal court ever” was what

A

the warren court

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12
Q

Which of the following government systems is based upon a SHARED separation of power?

A

federalism

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13
Q

Which government system was the articles of confederation under?

A

confederacy

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14
Q

Who is best known for the creation of scientific polls?

A

gallop and pew

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15
Q

What are the different types of government SYSTEMS?

A

federalism, confederacy, unitary system

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16
Q

n Shaw v. Reno (1993) the U.S. Supreme Court held that ______________

A

racial jerrymandering was unlawful under the 14th ammendment

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17
Q

Revenue bills MUST be introduced in which house of congress?

A

house of representatives

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18
Q

A totalitarian dictatorship is which of the major types of government?

A

unitary system

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19
Q

what is individualism

A

protecting the rights of the individual

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20
Q

what is collectivism

A

collectivism- whats best for te public good

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21
Q

The Great Depression shifted public support toward which political party?

A

democratic party

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22
Q

How can a filibuster be ended?

A

a cloture which is a vote of 2/3 of the senate

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23
Q

According to the Constitution, how can a bill become a law without the president’s signature?

A

2/3 signature in both senate and house of rep

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24
Q

Marbury v. Madison Established what?

A

created judicail review

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25
Q

Which form of government is the central government too weak?

A

confederacy

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26
Q

What is classical liberalism?

A

people stress individual rights. inpired by christianinty and judism

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27
Q

What are the 3 requirements to be president of the united states?

A

us citizen for 15 years, naturalborn citizen, 35 years old

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28
Q

What does the Twenty-second Amendment do?

A

prohibits
presidents from being elected more than twice,

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29
Q

The constitutional duty of the Vice President is to

A

vice president becomes
president in the office if the president becomes vacantn and to cast tie breaking votes

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30
Q

Temporary committees appointed for the specific purpose of investigating a particular issue are called

A

select/ special committees

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31
Q

What president was behind the “little rock 9” executive order?

A

dwight d eisenhower

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32
Q

According to the constitution, how many times does a president have to give a state of the union address?

A

once a year

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33
Q

Removal of the president from office requires what percentage of votes from congress?

A

a 2/3 vote of senate

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34
Q

What is an executive order?

A

they are not legsilation and therefore congress ncannot overturn them.

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35
Q

When a senator speaks with no intention of stopping, it is called a _________

A

filibuster

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36
Q

This type of committee reconciles differences between House and Senate bills before they are sent to the president for signing

A

joint commitee

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37
Q

What is a typical margin of error in a political poll?

A

plus or minus 3 percent

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38
Q

Which president used the radio to explain programs to the American people (fireside chats)?

A

FDR

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39
Q

Thurgood Marshall argued which case before the supreme court?

A

brown v board of education

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40
Q

Which court heard the case “Roe v. Wade”?

A

the burger court(more conservative)

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41
Q

Who is the current supreme court chief justice today?

A

john roberts

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42
Q

Which supreme court case established Judicial Review?

A

marbury v madison

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43
Q

“The authority of the courts to hear certain cases” is the definition of which of the following?

A

jurisdiction

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44
Q

Judicial activism tends to be utilized by which political party?

A

democratic party

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45
Q

“Federal courts created by congress under article III” are called….

A

consititutional courts

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46
Q

Who controls how many people sit in the supreme court?

A

the president

47
Q

What is the number of electoral votes needed to win the presidency?

A

270

48
Q

Which supreme court case established the right to an attorney if you cannot afford one?

A

gideon vs weignright

49
Q

Dred Scott v. Sandford decided what?

A

ruled that african americans were not citizens of the US

50
Q

Where (which supreme court justice) do we get the ideology for the supreme court we have today

A

william reinquest and john roberts

51
Q

What was the Supreme Court’s decision in Marbury v. Madison

A

in favor of marbury, gave the Supreme Court the power to declare a congressional act unconstitutional.(judicial review)

52
Q

what is an autocracy

A

rule by one person

53
Q

what is an oligarcy

A

rule by few people

54
Q

new jersey plan

A

equal representation in states

55
Q

virginia plan

A

population based representation

56
Q

conneticut comprimise

A

combination of new jersey and plan and virginia plan

57
Q

checks and balance system does what

A

divides powers in the gov into executive, judicial and legislasive branches

58
Q

def of political socialization

A

the proccess by which a person gains his or her political views

59
Q

what 6 events caused americans to loose respect for the government

A

assassination of nixon
assassination of mlk
resignation of pres nixon
watergate scandal
civil rights movement
vietnam war

60
Q

most conmon form of polls

A

straw polls

61
Q

most accurate form of polls

A

scientific polls

62
Q

stability

A

how likely an opinion is to change

63
Q

intensity

A

how strongly someone holds to an opinion

64
Q

relevance

A

how important is the opinion to the person who holds it

65
Q

what is another name for sensational journalism

A

yellow journalism

66
Q

3 major national TV networks that dominated early TV news

A

ABC, CBS, NBC

67
Q

house of representatives def

A

directly elected by the eligible ovters in distroicts who are close to the poeple

68
Q

how long are house of rep terms

A

2 years

69
Q

requirements to be in the house of rep

A

25 years of age, a resident of his state and must be a us citizen for 7 years

70
Q

senate def

A

senators are more insulated from the public, add stability to the legislative branch

71
Q

how long are senators terms

A

6 years, 1/3 of them are up for reelection every 2 years

72
Q

requirements to be senator

A

30 years old, us citizen for 9 years

73
Q

what is congress responsible for

A

writing the laws of the nation

74
Q

gerrymandering

A

drawing congressional districts to favor one political party or group over another

75
Q

incumbency effect

A

tendancy of those already holding office to win reelection

76
Q

incumbency effect

A

tendancy of those already holding office to win reelection

77
Q

the incumbency effect tends to be stronger for

A

members of house of rep

78
Q

how do whips help floor leaders in house of rep

A

by directing party members in voting, informing members of impeding voting, keeping track of vote counts, and pressuring members to vote with the party

79
Q

who controls the leadership positions of congress

A

majority political party in each house

80
Q

who is the most powerful member of the house of rep

A

the speaker of the house

81
Q

who serves as the assistant to the speaker of the house of rep

A

majority leader

82
Q

minority leader of house of rep

A

major spokesperson for the minority party and organizes opposition to the majority party

83
Q

most influential member of the senate and often the majority partyspokes person

A

majority leader

84
Q

minority floor leader of the senate

A

major spokesperson for the minority party and organizes opposition to the majority party

85
Q

standing committees

A

most of the work is done in these types. permanent and divided by policy area.

86
Q

joint committees

A

contain members of both house and senate. they help party leaders by speeding things along in the legislative process

87
Q

select/special committees

A

temporary body called upon to investigate an issue in response to a crisis or scandal

88
Q

what commitee serves as the traffic cop of legislation and controls who speaks

A

house rules committee

89
Q

what are the two most exclusive commitees where people can only serve for one at a time

A

the appropriations com, and the ways and means commitee

90
Q

commitee that makes a recommendation regarding presidential judicial appointments. they are involved with the vetting of potential judges including supreme court nominees

A

senate judiciary committee

91
Q

power granted to congress in article 1 section 8 of constitution

A

expressed powers

92
Q

powers reasonaply suggested to carry out the expressed powers in article 1 section 8 clause 18

A

implied powers

93
Q

powers denied by congress in article 1 section 9

A

limitations on powers

94
Q

what house has the power to filibuster

A

the senate

95
Q

what commitee is called upon to finalize the bills and in identical form in both the house and the senate

A

conference com

96
Q

which house does the house rules commitee operate in

A

the house of representatives

97
Q

what part of the constitution deals with expressed and implied poiwers

A

article 1

98
Q

what does a signing statement do

A

explain the presidents interpritation of a bill in simpler terms

99
Q

who were the two suprememe court justices obama nominated

A

sonia sotomayer(first latino justice), and elena kagen

100
Q

Which party is affiliated with Judicial restraint? Which one
is for Judicial Activism?

A

restraint- conservative
activism- democratic

101
Q

What are the 3 types of opinions that can be written in a
supreme court case?

A

majority, concuring, decenting

102
Q

what is the rule of 4

A

4 justices must agree to take a case

103
Q

How does someone become a supreme court justice? (2
steps)

A

the president nominates them or

104
Q

What kind of jurisdiction does the supreme court have?

A

both original and appellate
jurisdiction.

105
Q

how many people are on the supreme court today

A

9 people

106
Q

brown v board of education established what

A

segregation in public schools
unconstitutional.

107
Q

cheif justice william rehnquist did what to fight against abortion within the conservative court

A

continued to limit, but not reverse, decisions of the earlier more liberal courts in the areas of defendants’ rights, abortion, and affirmitive action

108
Q

The vice president becomes the president after the president dies because of what amendment

A

25th amenment

109
Q

which of the following is a judicial power that is given to the presiden

1establish the jurisdition of federal courts
2 nominate rederal judges

A

nominate federal judges

110
Q

all of the following is true about the house of rep except

1) elected by the people
2) serve for 6 year terms
3) more connected witht the people

A

serve for 6 year terms

111
Q

tucker carelson is a good example of which of the following

A

opinion leader

112
Q

the president conducts foreign policy and the spokes person what is this describing

A

cheif diplomat

113
Q

what is the purpose of the judicial branch

A

to interpret the law

114
Q

miranda vs arizona established what

A

that you have the right to remian silent

GOVERNMENT (4 decks)

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