final Flashcards
pharmacokinetics
abosprtion distrabution , metabiloism excretion [ ADME]
Teratogenic drugs
cause fetal defects dont give to pregnant woman
Cholinergic Drugs:
Bethanechol: Used for urinary retention and to increase gastrointestinal motility.
Pilocarpine: Used to treat glaucoma and xerostomia (dry mouth).
Neostigmine: Used to treat myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs.
Donepezil: Used to manage symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.
Antiparkinson Drugs:
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet): Used to manage Parkinson’s disease symptoms.
Bromocriptine: A dopamine agonist used in Parkinson’s disease treatment.
Ropinirole: Another dopamine agonist used to treat Parkinson’s disease and restless legs syndrome.
Antifungal Drugs:
Fluconazole: Used to treat fungal infections, including candidiasis and cryptococcosis.
Ketoconazole: Effective against various fungal infections, including tinea infections and candidiasis
.
Amphotericin B: Used for severe systemic fungal infections, such as cryptococcal meningitis and invasive candidiasis.
Antibiotics drugs
Penicillin (Penicillin G, Penicillin V): Effective against various bacterial infections.
Cephalosporins (Cephalexin, Ceftriaxone): Broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections.
Macrolides (Azithromycin, Erythromycin): Used for respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections.
Antimalarial Drugs:
Chloroquine: Used to prevent and treat malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae.
Mefloquine: An alternative antimalarial drug used for prophylaxis and treatment.
Artemether/Lumefantrine
(Coartem): Used for uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
dermatologic Drugs:
Corticosteroids (Hydrocortisone, Betamethasone): Used to reduce inflammation in various skin conditions.
Clotrimazole: An antifungal medication used to treat fungal skin infections such as athlete’s foot and ringworm.
Isotretinoin: Used to treat severe acne that has not responded to other treatments.
Acid-Controlling Drugs:
Acid-Controlling Drugs:
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Omeprazole, Lansoprazole): Used to reduce stomach acid production and treat conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.
H2 Blockers (Ranitidine, Famotidine): Reduce stomach acid production and are used for similar indications as PPIs.
Antacids (Aluminum hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide): Provide short-term relief by neutralizing stomach acid.
Antidiarrheal Drugs:
Loperamide: A synthetic opioid used to treat acute diarrhea.
Bismuth Subsalicylate: Helps relieve symptoms of diarrhea, indigestion, and nausea.
Diphenoxylate/Atropine (Lomotil): A combination medication used for the treatment of diarrhea.
antinausea Drugs:
Ondansetron: Used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery
.
Metoclopramide: Helps treat nausea and vomiting, as well as gastroparesis.
Prochlorperazine: Used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting, as well as certain psychiatric disorders.
Laxatives:
Bulk-Forming Laxatives (Psyllium, Methylcellulose): Increase stool bulk and stimulate peristalsis
.
Stool Softeners (Docusate Sodium): Add moisture to the stool, making it easier to pass.
Osmotic Laxatives (Polyethylene Glycol, Lactulose): Draw water into the bowel to soften stool and stimulate bowel movements.
Antiviral Drugs:
Acyclovir: Used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections (including chickenpox and shingles), and sometimes cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections.
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir, primarily used for the treatment of HSV and VZV infections.
Oseltamivir: Used to treat and prevent influenza A and B viruses (commonly known as the flu).
Ribavirin: Used in combination with other antiviral drugs to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and some respiratory viruses.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir: A combination medication used to treat HIV infection.
Zidovudine (AZT): An older antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV infection, often part of combination therapy.
Ganciclovir: Used for the treatment of CMV infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Foscarnet: Another medication used to treat CMV infections, as well as certain herpesvirus infections that are resistant to other antiviral drugs.
