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Terrorism > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Terrorism in the Middle East is the result of ___ ____

A

Historical Processes

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2
Q

the Middle East is a ___ ____

A

cultural concept

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3
Q

The Middle East is not an ___ ____

A

actual place

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4
Q

Extremists couch violence with ____

A

religion

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5
Q

What three men do militants cite when justifying violence?

A

ibn Tayymiyya, Abdul Wahhab, and Qutb

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6
Q

Terrorism is the result of cultural and religious factors interacting with what three factors?

A

the birth of modern Israel, completion for power within and among Arab states, and the rise of militant religious fervor

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7
Q

Iran presents a set of separate issues but where does its problems lie?

A

It’s problems can be linked to European imperialism

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8
Q

What is the modern conflict between Israel and Palestine based on?

A

terrorism

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9
Q

What organization imitated Irgun by using terrorist tactics, but the movement was not united?

A

Fatah

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10
Q

What was Fatah’s weakness

A

The movement was not united

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11
Q

What is Palestinian militancy characterized by?

A

factionalism

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12
Q

When did terrorism move to the international arena?

A

the 1980s

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13
Q

How many decades has terrorism remained localized?

A

Three

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14
Q

Currently, the three major operational terrorism groups

A

Hezbollah, Hamas, and al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades

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15
Q

Whose policies are controversial?

A

Israel

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16
Q

How do critics think Israelis react to terrorism?

A

They believe they overreact

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17
Q

How do defenders of Israel feel about their tactics?

A

They maintain strong tactics are necessary to counter terror

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18
Q

Revolutionary terrorists call for radical change in what?

A

either structure of government of the underlying political philosophy of governance

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19
Q

Revolutionary terrorism can be traced back to what century?

A

20th

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20
Q

What was the first act of revolutionary terrorism

A

Latin American, urban philosophy of Uruguay’s Tupamaros

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21
Q

Two groups inspired by the Tupamaros

A

FARC and ELN

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22
Q

FARC and ELN drifted into what to survive

A

drug trafficking

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23
Q

what does of MeK of Iran fight for?

A

Political dominance

24
Q

Maoist revolutionaries mirror the revolutionary theories of whom?

A

the communist takeover in China

25
Q

Who was a pioneer Maoist group

A

Peru’s Shining Path

26
Q

Peru’s Shining Path inspired what three groups?

A

Communists in Nepal, India, and Philippines

27
Q

What is counter revolutionary terrorism frequently based on?

A

the formation of illegal military and police units who torture and kill suspected terrorists and their supporters

28
Q

What are the military and police units who torture and kill suspected terrorists and their supporters known as

A

Death squads

29
Q

What jihadist terror networks spawned in the late stages of the Soviet-Afghan War

A

al Qaeda

30
Q

Founder of al Qaeda

A

Osama Bin Laden

31
Q

Who joined Osama Bin Laden to expand the group in Taliban-controlled Afghanistan in 1996

A

Egyptian Ayman al Zawahiri

32
Q

Al Qaeda is what kind of group? Conducting large-scale attacks throughout the world

A

international umbrella group

33
Q

What caused the change in al Qaeda’s nature?

A

A western military offensive in the wake of 9-11

34
Q

What was the change in al Qaeda’s nature after 9-11

A

differing leaderships hubs and a more decentralized organization

35
Q

There are different regional groups in various parts of the world under what organization?

A

al Qaeda

36
Q

What group has lost many of its leaders due to American attacks in Pakistan?

A

al Qaeda

37
Q

Al Qaeda remains active because of its franchised network and an alliance among who?

A

Pakistani and Afghan allies

38
Q

The vast maze of law enforcement form a complex set of ____

A

bureaucracies

39
Q

Bureaucracies mix with other governmental and private organizations to form what?

A

homeland security networks

40
Q

What national debate complicates bureaucracy

A

national debates on immigration

41
Q

What complicates bureaucracy

A

the large expanse of borders and ports of entry and the sheer size of the infrastructure

42
Q

Homeland security will only work when…

A

law enforcement agencies share info in partnership with other governmental and private bureaucracies

43
Q

bureaucracies can be efficient and effective but actions require

A

constant reviews to ensure that processes are achieving goals

44
Q

Homeland security involves a variety of activities from all levels of whom?

A

government, law enforcement agencies, and the military

45
Q

Preventing terrorism is the result of ___

A

gathering and analyzing information

46
Q

Preventing terrorism is accomplished under 2 sets of laws

A

one guiding criminal intelligence and the other focuses on national security

47
Q

Who has provided guidelines and standards for combing the intelligence process?

A

The NCISP

48
Q

Where does the combing of the intelligence process take place?

A

Fusion centers

49
Q

What is ever-changing, and because of this the intelligence process must always be reviewed and changed to meet new threat

A

Homeland security

50
Q

U.S. terrorists differ from their international counterparts in what ways?

A
  • Native born US terrorists tend to be older than international terrorists
  • Foreign operatives working in the US are also older
51
Q

In what way are right-wing and left-wing terrorists the same?

A

They finance themselves

52
Q

Who do left-wing terrorists favor?

A

Carl Marx

53
Q

In what way do left-wing terrorist favor Marxism?

A

They target economic status quo, base themselves in urban environments, and select symbolic targets of capitalism

54
Q

Right-wing terrorists do not favor Marxism but are ___

A

very religious

55
Q

Right-wing terrorists:

A

they support the economic system without supporting the distribution of wealth, base themselves in rural areas, and focus attacks on symbols of governmental authority

Terrorism (1 decks)

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