Feeding & Nutrition

Question 1

Normal infant needs

Answer 1

3 times more energy than adult 85
Iron stores sufficient for 4-6 months then give Iron fortified formula 10-15md
Vit D at birth 400
Carbs 5 gm/day

Question 2

Colostrum

Answer 2

1st 2 days milk

More protein, minerals, WBC, antibody less carbs and fat than mature milk

Question 3

Breast milk vs Cow milk

Answer 3

P50

Question 4

Breast milk

Answer 4

Major energy from fat
Whey is soluble casein insoluble (allergy)
Whey in breast milk lactoalbumin
Whey in Cow mila lactoglobin
Minimum daily need of fat is .5 mg
Cow milk IDA
Goat milk folic acid def anemia

Question 5

Disease of malnutrition

Answer 5

1- Kwashiorkor:
Normal calories intake
High carbs low protein
S&S: severe edema, infection, dermatitis, hepatomegaly, abd distension, sparse hair, loss of teeth, anorexia
2- Marasmus:
Low calorie intake
S&S: muscle wasting, loss of subcutaneous fat, abd distension, edema can occur, recurrent infections

Question 6

Cow milk allergy

Answer 6

Casein
Symptoms:
GI: abd distension vomiting diarrhea GI bleeding FTT
Dermatology skin rash 
Respiratory wheeze

Tx: stop cow milk and give other formula
(Soy based then casein then amino acid formula)

Question 7

Vitamin deficiency

Answer 7

Vit A: night blindness (xerophthalmia), anemia, keratosis,
Vit D: rickets
Vit K: bleeding give FFP
Vit C: scurvy (gum bleeding, bruises)
Vit B1 (thiamine): beriberi, peripheral neuritis wernicke encephalopathy with wet (neuro) or dry (heart) beriberi, heart failure
Vit B3 (niacin): pellagra 4 D ( diarrhea, Death, Demntia, dermatitis)
Vit B6 (pyridoxine): convulsion, neuropathy, dermatitis
*** increase in Vit C cause oxalurea