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fats Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the functions of fat in the body? (6)

A

1)Provides the fat soluble vitamins
2)Keeps body warm
3) Protects vital organs
4) Make all body cells
5) Provides the essential fatty acids
6)Concentrated source of energy 1 g = 9 kcal

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2
Q

Difference between fats and oils?

A

fats=usually solid at room temperature
oils=usually liquid at room temperature
(functions in body are pretty much the same)

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3
Q

functions in food?

A

Improve:
-flavour
-Texture
-smell
Makes food easier to swallow
Takes longer to digest and slows stomach from emptying.

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4
Q

visible sources of fat?

A

-Fat layers on meat
-White marbling inside meat
-Butter on bread

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5
Q

Invisible sources of fat?

A

-crisps,biscuits,cakes
-fat droplets in emulsions

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6
Q

sources of fat (animal fat)

A

.Butter
.Meat
.Oily fish
.Hard cheese
.Eggs
.chocolate

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7
Q

sources of fat (vegetable fat)

A

.Vegetable and plant oils
.Avocados
.Nuts
.Seeds
.Fat spreads

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8
Q

What is hydrogenation?

A

Process when vegetable oils are ‘hardened’ to make them solid at room temperature.

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9
Q

hydrogenation facts? (3)

A

.Contain trans fats.
.Thought to cause heart problems
.Food manufacturers should be reducing

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10
Q

What is the chemical name for fats?

A

Triglycerides

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11
Q

Its a molecule made of?

A
  • 3 fatty acids
  • 1 glycerol
    The molecule can be either saturated or unsaturated.
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12
Q

Health (saturated fat)

A

.Linked to heart disease
.Foods contain cholesterol
.Leads to fatty deposits
.Most people in the Uk eat too much

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13
Q

Health (unsaturated fat)

A

.Healthier than saturated
.Lower blood cholesterol
.Reduce risk of heart disease

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14
Q

Monounsaturated

A

one double bond
-avocados
-cashew nuts
-peanuts

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15
Q

polyunsaturated

A

two or more double bonds
-corn
-soya
-sunflower oils

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16
Q

what is the chemical name for fat?

A

Triglycerides

17
Q

molecule made of?

A

-3 fatty acids
-1 glycerol

18
Q

saturated fat examples?

A

• Animal products
• Meat products
•Some vegetable and plant oils e.g. palm and coconut oil

19
Q

unsaturated fat examples?

A

• Nuts and seeds
• Sunflowers and olive oils • Oilyfish

20
Q

saturated fat health wise?

A

• Linked to heart disease
• Foodscontaincholesterol
• Leads to fatty deposits (heart)
• Most people in the UK eat too much

21
Q

unsaturated fat health wise?

A

• Healthier than saturated
• Lowerbloodcholesterol
• Reduce risk of heart disease

22
Q

Monounsaturated

A

• One double bond – avocados
– cashew nuts – peanuts.

23
Q

Polyunsaturated

A

• Two or more double bonds – corn
– soya
– sunflower oils

24
Q

What is essential fatty acids?

A

Two polyunsaturated fatty acids that are very important for health.
Vital for the proper functioning of the brain, heart and development of the nervous system.

25
Q

Omega 3?

A

– Oily fish
– Seeds
– Green leafy veget

26
Q

Omega 6?

A

– Vegetables
– Grains
– Seed

27
Q

omega 6 facts?

A

Cheap and stable
Used in processed foods
Deficiency rare in western diet

28
Q

cholesterol?

A

• Fattysubstance
• Needed for normal functioning of the body
• Essential part of cell membranes
• Helps with digestion of fats
• Made by the body but also found in fatty foods
• Foods high in saturated fat = raised cholesterol levels

29
Q

What are lipoproteins?

A

• Proteins that carry cholesterol around the body

30
Q

word for bad cholesterol?

A

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

31
Q

word for good cholesterol?

A

High density lipoprotein (HDL)

32
Q

What can too much bad cholesterol and saturated fat do?

A

build up and heart disease

33
Q

what can good cholesterol do?

A

may help protect against heart disease.

34
Q

What is the reference intake?

A

• 35% maximum of food energy • 11% from saturated
• 1-2% from essential fatty acids

35
Q

What is excess and what does it do?

A

• Too much saturated fat=high LDL levels
• Increases risk of CHD (Coronary Heart Disease), stroke or Type 2 diabetes
•deficiency (unlikely)

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