Family

Question 1

Murdock

Answer 1

Universal functions of the family:
-sexual
-reproductive
-economic
-educational

Question 2

Parsons

Answer 2

1) Primary Socialisation - norms and values of society

Question 3

Zaretsky

Answer 3

Sees family as a prop to capitalism, unpaid domestic labour of housewives supports future generations of workers at no cost to capitalist employers.

Question 4

Poulantzas

Answer 4

ISA, controlled by the bourgeoisie and used to create values, attitudes and beliefs which support capitalist system.

Question 5

Cooper

Answer 5

ICD - children learn to conform to authority so will become cooperative and easily exploited workers.

Question 6

Benston

Answer 6

wives used to produce and rear cheap labour for employers. Provide unpaid childcare.

Question 7

Ansley

Answer 7

wives suffer as result of frustration experienced by husbands from alienating work.

Question 8

Somerville

Answer 8

-women have more choice about marriage
-greater equality within marriage and greater responsibility of sharing paid and unpaid work and childcare.

Question 9

Nicholson

Answer 9

women better off outside traditional families, all types of family should be socially accepted as they suit women in different circumstances.

Question 10

Beck

Answer 10

Individualisation main characteristic of modern life:
- more opportunities for individuals to take more decisions about aspects of their lives.
- little security in everyday world of work, seek emotional security in families.

Question 11

Oakley

Answer 11

single family type is dominant is also found in the media. the image of the typical family presented on breakfast cereals portrays conventional family.

Question 12

Allan and Crow

Answer 12

increase in lone parenthood due to rises in divorce rates and rise in births of unmarried mothers.

Question 13

Murray

Answer 13

increase in lone parenthood is result of over-generous welfare system, makes it possible for lone-parents to live on benefits with housing provided by the state

Question 14

Young

Answer 14

conjugal roles becoming more common. Move towards greater equality within marriage in that wives were now going out to work and husbands were providing more help with housework

Question 15

Duncombe and Marsden

Answer 15

women perform triple shift, not only doing most of the housework and childcare, also paid work and emotional work.

Question 16

Pilcher

Answer 16

wide cultural variations in the role of children. e.g. Samoan children expected to take part in physical and dangerous work.

Question 17

Postman

Answer 17

explanation for childhood changes due to technological change. Development of printing press placed importance of learning to read. Extended schooling of children.