Factors effecting Skill Acquistion

Question 1

Why is practice important?

Answer 1

Practice is essential for the acquisition and development of movement and sport-specific skills.

Question 2

What is the first type of practice?

Answer 2

massed and distributed practice

Question 3

What is the second type of practice?

Answer 3

whole or part practice

Question 4

What is the third type of practice?

Answer 4

mental and physical practice

Question 5

What is massed practice?

Answer 5

Massed Practice refers to practice over a long duration / period. It is more suitable for highly skilled and motivated performers.

Question 6

Example of massed practice:

Answer 6

Football player practicing left foot kicking by kicking 50 kicks on their left foot, one after the other.

Question 7

What is distributed practice?

Answer 7

Distributed Practice involves short sessions interspersed with periods of rest, during which either feedback is provided, or another skill is practiced.

Question 8

When is distributed practice more suitable?

Answer 8

• the athlete is learning a new skill (cognitive and associative learners)
• when the skill is complex and/or physically demanding
• when the learner’s motivation is not high.

Question 9

Example of distributed practice:

Answer 9

Football player practicing their kicking by kicking 10 kicks on their left foot, then 10 on their right, then having a 5 min break, and then another 10 kicks on their left foot, then 10 on their right, followed by another break.

Question 10

What is whole practice?

Answer 10

Whole Practice is a form of practice in which the skill is practiced in its entirety

Question 11

Examples of whole practice:

Answer 11

Golf Swing
Basketball Free – throw
Kicking

Question 12

What is part practice?

Answer 12

Part Practice is breaking down and practicing a skill in its parts or sub – routines.

Question 13

Example of part practice:

Answer 13

Basketball Lay – up: the dribbling and shooting parts would be practiced on their own first before combining them.

Question 14

What is physical practice? Physical practice is

Answer 14

Physical Practice is practice in which the skill is performed physically.

Question 14

What is mental practice?

Answer 14

Mental Practice involves imagining or visualizing a skill in mind.

Question 15

What are the 2 types of feedback that is provided?

Answer 15

1- Knowledge of Performance
2- Knowledge of Results

Question 16

What are the 2 ways that feedback is given/provided?

Answer 16

1- Kinaesthetic Feedback
2- Augmented Feedback

Question 17

What is knowledge of performance?

Answer 17

Knowledge of Performance refers to feedback that is provided regarding the quality of the performance.

Question 18

Example of knowledge of performance?

Answer 18

“Was the skill performed with the correct technique?”

Question 19

What is knowledge of results?

Answer 19

Knowledge of Results refers to feedback that is provided regarding outcome of the performance.

Question 20

Example of knowledge of results:

Answer 20

“Whether a serve in tennis was in or out”.

“Whether the shot at the basket went in the hop for a score”

Question 21

What is kinaesthetic feedback?

Answer 21

Kinaesthetic Feedback refers to feedback relating to the ‘feel’ of a movement skill.

Question 22

Example of kinaesthetic feedback:

Answer 22

A golfer can often feel whether the shot was a good one by the way the movement felt and the way their body flowed during its execution.

Question 23

What is augmented feedback?

Answer 23

Augmented Feedback refers to information provided to a performer via visual, verbal or aural (hearing) signals.

Question 24

Example of augmented feedback:

Answer 24

golfers can tell that they hit the ball well by the sound made on contact (aural), by seeing the ball flying down the fairway (visual) or by being told by their caddy that the shot was a good one (verbal).