Facial and Neck synthesis

Question 1

what things move superiorly in the neck?

Answer 1

-Cervical sympathetic trunk
-Thoracic duct
-Recurrent laryngeal n.
-Brs. of carotid and subclavian aa.

Question 2

what things move inferiorly in the neck?

Answer 2

-Cervical sympathetic trunk
-Phrenic n
-CN X
-Trachea
-Esophagus
-Internal jugular v.
-Internal thoracic a.

Question 3

what are the triangles in the neck?

Answer 3

-Anterior Cervical
-Posterior cervical
-Submental (has lymph nodes)
-Submandibular (CN XII, submandibular gland)
-Carotid
-Muscular

Question 4

what are the suprahyoids?

Answer 4

Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Digastric

Question 5

what are the infrahyoids?

Answer 5

Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid

Question 6

Cervical plexus consists of C__-C__, is
_____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and _____ to the levator scapulae

Answer 6

C1-C4
-deep
-anterolateral

Question 7

which two cranial nerves are associated with the cervical plexus?

Answer 7

XI, XII

Question 8

what C does the ansa cervicalis branch off of?

Answer 8

C1-C3

Question 9

what are facial functions/characteristics of the face?

Answer 9

-Expressions and microexpressions
-Our faces are very Asymmetric
-Anatomical interface
-Facial expressions can change dramatically with emotions or alcohol

Question 10

______ muscle is innervated by CN VII, enveloped in own fascia, and connects with superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 10

Buccinator

Question 11

________ muscle helps constrict airway

Answer 11

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Question 12

______ muscle is found on the front of our head

Answer 12

Frontalis

Question 13

_______ muscle is found on the back of our head and is
Connected to frontalis by ___________

Answer 13

Occipitalis
Galea aponeurotica (dense CT)

Question 14

_______ gland is in a little in front of and below
our ear, associated with CN IX

Answer 14

parotid

Question 15

______ muscle sits on top of parotid gland

Answer 15

masseter

Question 16

what are the 5 branches of facial nerve? (from most superior to inferior)

Answer 16

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical

Question 17

______ nerve is the largest CN and supplies sensory innervation to the face(CN V)

Answer 17

Trigeminal

Question 18

Trigeminal nerve also supplies motor to _____

Answer 18

masticatory muscles

Question 19

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve and what foramen do they go through?

Answer 19

CN V1 → superior orbital fissure → orbit
CN V2 → foramen rotundum → pterygopalatine fossa
CN V3 → foramen ovale → infratemporal fossa

Question 20

what are the zones of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 20

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
Superficial cervical plexus

Question 21

What does botox/botulinum toxin do?

Answer 21

Prevents the release of ACh at neuromuscular junction

Question 22

_______ is partial facial paralysis

Answer 22

Bell’s palsy

Question 23

what are the layers of skin on the head? (remember SCALP)

Answer 23

Skin → CT → adipose tissue → Loose CT → Periosteum

Question 24

where is the outer investing layer found?

Answer 24

around sternocleidomastoid, continuous w trapezius

Question 25

which teeth are most likely to produce submanribular abcesses?

Answer 25

posterior teeth

Question 26

be able to recognize the different spaces

Answer 26