Eyes: eye infections Flashcards
Which eye infections are we concerned with?
- Blepharitis
- Conjunctivitis
- Keratitis
- Endophthalmitis
Which pathogen is bacterial conjunctivitis often caused by?
Staphylococci
Which pathogen is blepharitis often caused by?
Staphylococci
Which types of pathogens cause Keratitis and Endophthalmitis
- May be viral, bacterial or fungal
How do you treat bacterial blepharitis?
- Administration of eye ointment to the conjunctival sac or to the lid margins
- May need to culture from lid margins
- Tetracyclines may be given for 3 months
E.g. Chloramphenicol ointment
How do you treat bacterial conjunctivitis?
- They are usually self limiting
- You can use chloramphenicol eye drops and ointments
How do you administer chloramphenicol eye drops?
- Every TWO HOURS for the first 24 HOURS
- Then reduced to QDS
- If OTC then maximum duration is 5 days, minimum age is 2!
How do you administer chloramphenicol eye drops?
TDS or QDS
List the BROAD spectrum antibiotics that can be found in eye drops
- Chloramphenicol
- Quinolones
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Ofloxacin - Aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
What are azithromycin eye drops used for?
Trachomatous conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia trachomatis
What sort of spectrum does fusidic acid have and what do they work against
- Narrow spectrum
- Against staphylococci infections
Some antibacterial eye drops have corticosteroids in them, however, when should they NOT be used?
- If someone has an undiagnosed red eye
- As they can aggravate the herpes simplex virus
How do you treat herpes simplex virus of the eye?
- Aciclovir eye drops
- Ganciclovir eye drops
How do you treat ophthalmic zoster?
- Aciclovir eye drops
AND - Systemic aciclovir
