extra info Flashcards
CGAS/STING
Cgas activates cytokines, DNA is in the cytosol and binds cGASm creates cDNTP, diffuses onto sting, turn on cytokine, bacterial homolog makes c-di-GMP
baltime group:
DNA virus(dsDNA, ssDNA(+)), RNA viruses(dsRNA, ssRNA(+), ssRNA(-)) retrovirus(+ssRNA, dsDNA)
What do all viruses contain?
a capsid and a genome
Studies of bacterial defense mechanisms against bacteriophage infection have yielded important reagents that are used today to manipulate DNA and RNA sequences in the laboratory. Which of the following exemplify these advancements (select all that apply)?
restriction endonuclease
crisp-cas9
When foreign DNA enters into a bacterial cell, the DNA must be associated with which of the following to be vertically transmitted to the progeny of the cell?
an origin of replication
a plasmid
the recipient cells chromosome
Opsonization is a process whereby innate and adaptive immunity work together to…
phagocytosis an invader
PRR
Proteins a person is born with that detect microbial invaders
Microbial associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)
conserved microbe associated protein that trigger cytokine production
TLR
membrane embedded proteins that detect foreign microbes
NLR
cytosolic proteins that detect foreign microbes
An immune deficiency causes a severe reduction in the amount of MHC-II expressed on the surface of professional antigen presenting cells. Which immune processes will be least impacted by this deficiency?
Cytotoxic T-celll activation
Which of the following statements about MHC class II molecules is true?
present on extracellular antigens
Leukocidin of staph
cell membrane disrupter that impacts immune cells
Yrsinia pestis injects effectors expressing_______ to disrupt phagocytosis, which will prevent the development of
f-met, humoral immunity
Influenza pandemics have resulted from: (more than one answer may be correct)
major mutational changes, reassortment, bird virus infection of a human, efficient person-person
