External consonant sandhi 3.3.1.: final -t

Question 1

Final -t before unvoiced consonants (except c, ch, ś, ṭ, ṭh)

Answer 1

no change
anyat phalam -> anyatphalam
pustakāt sūtram -> pustakātsūtram

Question 2

Final -t before c, ch

Answer 2

-t + c or ch -> t changes to c
tat ca -> tacca
tat chinnam -> tacchinnam

Question 3

Final -t before ś-

Answer 3

-t + ś- -> t changes to c and ś to ch
tat śrutvā -> tacchrutvā

Question 4

Final -t before ṭ or ṭh

Answer 4

-t + ṭ-/ ṭh->t becomes ṭ
tat ṭīkā -> taṭṭīkā

Question 5

Final -t before voiced consonants and vowels (except j, jh, ḍ, ḍh, ṇ, ṅ, ñ, m, )

Answer 5

-t + voiced c -> t becomes d
avadat iti -> avadaditi
āsīt rājā -> āsīdrājā

Question 6

Final -t before j/jh-

Answer 6

-t + j/jh-> t becomes j
tasmāt jalāt -> tasmājjalāt

Question 7

Final -t before ḍ/ḍh

Answer 7

-t + ḍ/ḍh-> t becomes ḍ
avadat ḍakāra-> avadaḍḍakāra

Question 8

Final -t before any nasal (remember: m is as well nasal!)

Answer 8

-t + nasal -> t becomes n
aśapat nṛpaṃ -> aśapannṛpaṃ
etat mā-> etanmā

Question 9

Final -t before l

Answer 9

-t + l -> t becomes l
apaśyat lokān -> apaśyallokān

Question 10

Final -t before h

Answer 10

-t + h-> t becomes d and h becomes dh
asmat hi -> asmaddhi