EXAM - Gas Exchange Flashcards
LABEL THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE HUMAN GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM
LABEL THE MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE HUMAN GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEM
What are the main differences between gas exchange and respiration
Gas exchange
- Involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
- It is necessary to enable respiration to take place
- Occurs in the alveolus
Respiration
- Occurs in ALL Living cells
- It is a series of chemical reactions
- It can happen With or WITHOUT oxygen
- Respiration releases energy
LABEL THE BELL JAR MODEL
LABEL THE BELL JAR MODEL
Is there more Carbon dioxide in inhaled or exhaled air
Exhaled air contains carbon dioxide
What is peak flow
The maximum speed at which someone can exhale
What is lung capacity
A measure of the volume of air your lungs can hold
What are some factors that may affect breathing rate
Exercise Stress Anxiety Nerves Drugs
Why does our rate and depth of breathing increase when we exercise
This is because when we exercise our heart has to work harder to transport blood around the body
What is aerobic respiration
A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + Oxygen = Water +Carbon Dioxide + Energy
Respiration can take place without oxygen this is called what
Anaerobic Respiration
Where can anaerobic respiration take place
Muscle
Yeast
Anaerobic Respiration releases what
Less energy
What are the three main chemicals in a cigarette
Tar
Carbon Monoxide
Nicotine
Effects of Tar
Bronchitis
Emphysema
Lung Cancer Disease
Effects of Nicotine
Addictive
Increases heart rate
Affects of Carbon Monoxide
Combines with haemoglobin to prevent as much oxygen being transported
What are the short term effects of cigarette smoking
- Sore irritated eyes and nose and also sore throat
- Headaches
- Feeling Dizzy
- It could make asthma worse
Long term effects of cigarette smoke
- It can increase risk of having heart disease
- It can increase risk of lung and other cancers
What is passive smoking/second hand smoking
Passive smoking/Second hand smoking is when you inhale the smoke from someone else’s cigarette
What are electronic cigarettes
E-cigarettes are small, battery powered devices that hold a liquid cartridge containing
- NICOTINE
- FLAVOURING
- Chemical Called PROPYLENE GLYCOL
How do e-cigs work
When the user inhales a small amount of the liquid is heated until it becomes a vapour. People who use e-cigarettes are therefore not smoking but “vaping”
What are 2 advantages of e-cigarettes
Less harmful chemicals, reduces cravings, no bad smell, and no fire risk
What are 2 disadvantages of e-cigarettes
Still unsure of long term effects
People might use it more than regular smoking. Still bad for health
