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Nursing Exam 6 > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

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0
Q

Caring is Primary Model

A

Benner and Wrubel

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1
Q

Essence of excellent nursing practice is caring. Caring is the framework. Caring facilitates knowing the patient and individualizing care.

A

Benner and Wrubel- Caring is Primary

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2
Q

A universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel, and behave in relation to one another

A

Caring

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3
Q

Describes the concept of care as the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health disciplines .

A

Leininger- Transcultural Caring

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4
Q

Stresses the importance of nurses’ understanding cultural caring behaviors.

A

Transcultural Caring (Leininger)

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5
Q

Transpersonal Caring

A

Leininger

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6
Q

A high quality of human interaction from nurses. A conscious intention to care promotes healing and wholeness. Care before cure. Deeper sources of inner healing.

A

Watson’s Transpersonal Caring

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7
Q

Transpersonal Caring

A

Watson

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8
Q

Connection forms between the one cared and the one caring. A transformative model because the relationship influences nurse and patient (for better or worse)

A

Watsons Transpersonal Caring

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9
Q

Defines caring as a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility. Includes care-based counseling.

A

Swanson’s Theory of Caring

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10
Q

Categories of Caring in Swanson’s Theory of Caring

A 
Knowing
Being with
Doing for
Enabling
Maintaining Belief
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11
Q

Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other

A

Knowing

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12
Q

Being emotionally present to the other

A

Being with

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13
Q

Doing for the other as he or she would do for self if it were at all possible

A

Doing for

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14
Q

Facilitating the other’s passage through life transitions (Birth, death) and unfamiliar events

A

Enabling

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15
Q

Sustaining faith in the other’s capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning

A

Maintaining belief

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16
Q

Measures caring from a patient’s perspective. A tool that helps you appreciate the types of behaviors that hospitalized patients identify as caring.

A

CAT- Caring Assessment Tool

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17
Q

Concerned with relationships between people and with a nurse’s character and attitude towards others.

A

Ethic of Care

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18
Q

Places the nurse as the patient’s advocate, solving ethical dilemmas by attending to relationships and by giving priority to each patient’s unique personhood.

A

Ethic of Care

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19
Q

Caring Behaviors

A 
Providing Presence
Touch
Listening
Knowing the patient
Spiritual caring
Relieving pain and suffering
Family care
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20
Q

Not only physical presence but communication and understanding

A

Being there

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21
Q

A nurse being available at a patient’s disposal

A

Being with

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22
Q

Three types of touch

A

Task-oriented touch
Caring touch
Protective touch

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23
Q

Holding a patient’s hand is….

A

Caring touch

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24
Q

Helping a patient fall is….

A

Protective touch

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25
Q

Inserting a catheter is…

A

Task-oriented touch

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26
Q

A planned and deliberate act in which you are present and engaging the patient in a nonjudgemental and accepting manner.

A

LIstening

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27
Q

Comprises of both the nurses’ understanding of a specific patient and his or her subsequent selection of interventions

A

Knowing the patient

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28
Q

Encompasses caring nursing actions that give a patient comfort, dignity, respect, and peace

A

Relieving pain and suffering

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29
Q

Starts with the diagnosis of cancer.

A

Acute Survival

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30
Q

Patient goes into remission or has ended the basic, rigorous course of treatment and enters a phase of watchful waiting

A

Extended survival

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31
Q

Roughly equated with “cure” but the experience permanently affects survivor.

A

Permanent survival

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32
Q

Problems with employment and insurance are common in…

A

Permanent survival

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33
Q

Fear and anxiety are common in…..

A

Acute survival

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34
Q

Weakness, fatigue, pain, nausea, reduced activity tolerance, hair loss are common in…

A

Acute survival

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35
Q

Dealing with cancer in the home, community and workplace ….

A

extended survival

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36
Q

Physical well-being and symptoms of cancer survivors

A 
Impaired mood
Anxiety
Depression
Affects enjoyment/leisure
Cognition/attention
Distress over diagnosis and treatment
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37
Q

Late effects include: pain, psychosocial distress, impaired wound healing

A

Any surgical procedure

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38
Q

Late effects include: Impaired cognitive function, motor sensory alterations, altered vision, swallowing, language, bowel and bladder control

A

Surgery involving brain/spinal cord

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39
Q

Late effects include: difficulties with communication, swallowing, and breathing

A

Head and neck surgery

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40
Q

Late effects include: Risk of intestinal obstruction, hernia, altered bowel function

A

Abdominal surgery

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41
Q

Late effects include: Difficulty breathing, fatigue, generalized weakness

A

Lung resection

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42
Q

Late effects include: Urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, poor body image

A

Prostatectomy

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43
Q

Late effects include: Osteoporosis, heart failure, diabetes, amenorrhea, sterility, impaired GI motility, abnormal liver function, impaired immune function, paresthesias, hearing loss and problems with thinking and memory

A

Late effects of chemotherapy and/or radiation

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44
Q

The most frequent and disturbing complaints of people with cancer

A

CRF (cancer-related fatigue) and sleep disturbances

45
Q

Symptoms include decreased attention span, easy distraction, difficulty walking, and behavioral changes

A

CRCI- Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment

46
Q

Psychological effects of cancer include

A

PTSD

47
Q

Major forms of cancer therapy

A 
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Hormone therapy
Biotherapy
Radiation
48
Q

The intrafamilial system of support and structure that extends beyond the walls of the household

A

Family durability

49
Q

The ability of the family to cope with expected and unexpected stressors

A

Family resiliency

50
Q

The uniqueness of each family unit

A

Family diversity

51
Q

Husband, wife, and possible children

A

Nuclear Family

52
Q

Relatives and nuclear family

A

Extended family

53
Q

When a parent leaves nurclear family due to death, divorce, or desertion

A

Single-parent family

54
Q

Formed when parents bring unrelated children from prior adoptive or foster parenting relationships into a new, joint livnig situation

A

Blended family

55
Q

Relationships include multiadult households, homosexual couples, cohabiting parenters

A

alternative family

56
Q

Patterns of people considred by family members to be included in the family

A

Family forms

57
Q

No physical shelter, living somewhere not intended for human habitation

A

Absolute homelessness

58
Q

Having a physical shelter that does not meet standards of health and safety

A

Relative homelessness

59
Q

Five realms of family life

A 
Interactive processes
Developmental processes
Coping processes
Integrity processes
Health Processes
60
Q

Focuses on relationships, communication, nuture, expression, resolution, roles and leisure

A

Interactive processes

61
Q

Focuses on recent transitions, stage completion, development

A

Developmental processes

62
Q

Focuses on problem solving, use of resources, daily hassles, coping strategies

A

Coping processes

63
Q

Focuses on family values, beliefs, meaning, rituals, spirituality, and culture

A

Integrity processes

64
Q

Focuses on health behaviors, patterns, caretaking responsibilities, diseases, and illness stressors

A

Health processes

65
Q

Physical changes that occur from the prenatal period through older adulthood

A

Growth

66
Q

The biological,cognitive, and socioemotional changes that begin at conception and continue through a lifetime

A

Development

67
Q

Each child’s pattern of growth is unique and this pattern is directed by gene activity

A

Gesell’s theory of development

68
Q

5 stages of Freud’s theory

A
  1. Oral
  2. Anal
  3. Phallic/Oedipal
  4. Latency
  5. Genital
69
Q

Ages for Freud’s stages

A 
Oral- birth to 12/18 months
Anal-12/18 mo- 3 yr
Phallic- 3--6 yr
Latency- 6-12yr
Genital- Puberty- adulthood
70
Q

Erikson’s Stages

A 
Trust vs Mistrust (birth-1)
Autonomy vs Doubt/Shame (1-3)
Initiative vs Guilt (3-6)
Industry vs Inferiority (6-11)
Identity vs Role confusion- (Puberty)
Intimacy vs Isolation (Young Adult)
Generativity vs Self-Absorption/Stagnation (Middle Age)
Integrity vs Despair (Old age)
71
Q

Theories related to temperment

A 
Easy child (easygoing)
Difficult child (Highly active)
Slow-to-warm child (Adapts slowly)
72
Q

Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development

A

Period 1- Sensorimotor (birth-2)
Period 2- Preoperational (2-7 yr)
Period 3- Concrete Operations (7-11 yr)
Period 4- Formal operations (11yr- adult)

73
Q

Identified six stages of moral development

A

Lawrence Kohlberg

74
Q

Three levels of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development

A

Level 1- Preconventional reasoning(stage 1, 2)
Level 2- Conventional Reasoning (stage 3,4)
Level 3- Postconventional Reasoning (Stage 5, 6)

75
Q

Six stages to Kohlberg’s theory

A 
1- PUnishment/obedience orientation
2- Instrumental relativist orientation
3- Good boy/nice girl orientation
4- society- maintaining orientation 
5- social contract orientation
6- Universal ethical principle orientation
76
Q

First 28 days of life

A

Neonatal

77
Q

Infancy

A

1mo-1yr

78
Q

Health risk for Infancy

A

Injury prevention

child mistreatment

79
Q

Health promotion for Infancy

A

Nutrition
Immunizations
Sleep

80
Q

12-36 mo (1-3yr)

A

Toddler

81
Q

Health risks for toddler

A

Risk for injury, poisoning, drowning

82
Q

Health promotion for toddler

A

Nutrition, Toilet training

83
Q

3-5yr

A

Preschooler

84
Q

Health risks for preschoolers

A

Teach children about home safety
Parents set examples (immitation)
Falls are less risks

85
Q

Health promotion for preschooler

A

Nutrition
Sleep
Vision

86
Q

6-12 yr

A

School-age children

87
Q

Health risks for school-aged children

A

Accident and injuries

Infection

88
Q

Health promotion for school-age children

A 
Perception
Health Education
Health Maintenance
Safety 
Nutrition
89
Q

13-20 yr

A

Adolescents

90
Q

Health risks for adolescents

A 
Accidents (leading cause of death)
Violence/Homicide
Suidcide 
Substance abuse
Eating disorders
STIs
Pregnancy
91
Q

Health promotion for adolescents

A

Health educatoin
Minority Adolescents
Gay/lesbian/bi increases vulnerability to depression/suicide

92
Q

Late teens to mid/late 30s

A

Young adult

93
Q

Health risks for Young Adults

A 
Family history
Personal Hygeine
Violent death/injury 
substance abuse
Unplanned pregnancy
STIs
Environmental or Occupational factors
94
Q

30s tot late 60s

A

Middle Adults

95
Q

65 yrs +

A

Older adults

96
Q

Cognitive changes in Older Adults

A

Delirium
Dementia
Depression

97
Q

An acute confusional state, a potentially reversible cognitive impairment taht often has a physiological cause

A

Delirium

98
Q

Leading cause of death in older adults

A

Heart disease

99
Q

Classification of surgery includes:

A

Seirousness
Urgency
Purpose

100
Q

Seriousness of surgery includes

A

Major

Minor

101
Q

Urgency of surgery includes

A

Elective
Urgent
Emergency

102
Q

Purpose of surgery includes

A 
Diagnositc
Ablative
Pallative
Reconstructive/Restorative
Procurment for transplat
Constructive
Cosmetic
103
Q

Informed Concent includes:

A 
Need for procedure
Steps involved
Risks
Expected Results
Alternative treatments
104
Q

Steps to eliminate wrong site/wrong procedure surgery

A

Take a time out for final verification
Mark operative site on multiple structures/correct side
Perform preoperative verification

105
Q

Responsibilities include reviewing the preoperative assessment, establishinga nd implementing the intraoperative plan, evaluating the care, proviiding for continuity of care after surgery.

A

Circulation Nurse- RN

106
Q

Maintains sterile field during procedure, asists with applying sterile drapes, hands surgeon instruments, and counts spongs/insturments

A

Scrub nurs (RN, LPN, tech)

107
Q

Types of anesthesia

A

General
Regional
Local
Conscious

108
Q

How often to assess a patient during phase 1 (postoperative recovery, immediate)

A

5,15,30, 45, 60… then every 15 minutes.

Must recieve score of 8-10 before discharge (on PARS or Aldete scale)

109
Q

How often do you assess a patient during phase 2 (Recovery ambulatory surgery)

A

5, 15, 30, 45, 60… every 15 minutes.

On PARSAP scale and must score 18 or higher for discharge

110
Q

Includes preconventional, conventional, and postconventional reasoning.

A

Kohlberg

111
Q

Ten hallmarks of emotional health

A

A sense of meaning and direction
Successful negotiation through transitions
Absence of feelings and being cheated or disappointed by life
Attainment of several long-term goals
Satisfaction with personal growth and development
Feelings of mutual love for partner/Satisfaction with social interaction
Satisfaction with friendships
Generally cheerful attitude
No sensitivity to criticism
No unrealistic fears

Nursing Exam 6 (1 decks)

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