Exam 3 - DNA/RNA Structure Flashcards
Hershey and chase
Experimented w radiolabeled bacteriophage to see if proteins OR DNA carry genetic information
What did Henry and chase experiment prove ?
DNA is the genetic material
Watson and Crick
- determined structure of DNA (double helix form)
“Secret of life”
Where is DNA found
Inside nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
How many chromosomes in humans
46 chromosomes
What are nucelosomes
DNA wrapped around histone proteins that spool DNA
Double helix
Two strands of DNA
Similarities in DNA + RNA structure
- central 5- carbon sugar
- phosphate group
-nitrogenous base (A,G,C)
Difference between RNA and DNA
(5-carbon sugar)
DNA - deoxyribose
RNA - ribose
Difference between RNA and DNA (base)
DNA - thymine
RNA - uracil
Double helix structure
-Sugar phosphate backbone (sides)
-complementary base pairs (middle)
Anti-parallel
Two strands of dna molecule are oriented in opposite directions
One side - 3’ carbon upward , 5’ down
Other side - 5’ carbon upward , 3’ carbon down
Phosphodiestor bonds
Helps bond neighboring nucleotides
Hydrogen bonds location
In between base pairs (a-t, c-g)
Nucleotide monomer structure
-phosphate
- sugar
- base
3’ and 5’ polarity
Phosphate groups attach to 3’ of one nucleotide and 5’ of another nucleotide
Covalent bonds location
In the sugar phosphate backbone , keeping structure stable
RNA structure
-Single strand
-nucleotides on left side (tiny sticks poking out)
